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Book III Unit 7
Six Keys to Success
1. key: n. (usually singular) something that explains or helps one to understand; solution;
explanation + to (prep.) (解决问题, 事件等的) 答案; 解答; 题解; 线索
Andrew is convinced that love rather than money is the key to happiness.
安得鲁相信幸福的关键是爱情而不是金钱.
According to the author, the key to keeping fit lies in regular exercise.
在作者看来, 保持身体健康的秘诀在于经常锻炼身体.
2. drive: v. cause or compel somebody to do sth. (迫) 使某人做某事
She was driven by the necessity to steal food for her starving children.
为了挨饿的孩子她不得不去偷食物.
Kids are driven to cheat when there is pressure to succeed.
成功的压力诱使孩子们作弊.
3. To find out the answers, I interviewed some people who are quite successful at motivating others: the nation’s top motivational speakers and best-selling authors of how-to-succeed books. (Para. 1)
Meaning: In order to find out the answers, I consulted some people who are good at inspiring
others. They are either excellent speakers who know how to encourage people, or authors of very popular books on how to achieve success.
Chinese: 为了找到问题的答案, 我采访了一些人, 他们在激励他人方面都十分成功, 他
们也是全国最优秀的激励他人的演说家以及有关成功之道方面的畅销书的作者.
be successful at: Note that the word “successful” is normally followed by “in”. But
“successful” may also be followed by “at”.
If I am not successful in finding what I am looking for I shall return and tell you. He is extremely successful at making the government the least corrupt in Asia.
他非常成功地使该国政府成为亚洲最廉洁的/最少腐败的政府.
motivate: v.
1) provide (someone) with a (strong) reason for doing sth. 激发; 使……产生动机
Our work is to motivate those voters and inspire them to join our cause.
我们的工作就是激励投票者, 鼓舞他们加入我们的事业.
2) be the reason why (sth.) is done 成……的动机
His reaction was motivated by fear. 他如此反应是出于恐惧.
The attack was politically motivated. 那次袭击事件带有政治动机.
motivational: adj. of the act or process of motivating 激励 (他人) 的
The motivational talk did have some effect on him.
那次激励性的谈话对他真有点作用.
how-to-succeed books = books on how one can succeed
Note that here “how-to-succeed” is a compound adjective, used to modify “books”. This kind
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of compound adjective can be formed from a clause. a five-year-old girl = a girl who is five year old
a never-to-be-forgotten story = a story that can never be forgotten his not-so-strong body = his body which is not so strong
4. get ahead: do well; succeed 取得进步, 获得成功
The teacher keeps records of how the children are getting ahead.
老师纪录下孩子取得进步的过程.
Getting ahead at work is the most important thing to me at the moment.
目前, 对我来说最重要的是在工作中取得进步.
5. adopt: v.
1) begin to have (a quality or appearance) 采取
The government will adopt stricter measures to prevent the recurrence of such terrorist
acts. 政府将采取更加严厉的措施来防止类似恐怖活动的重演.
Active policies should be adopted to pull the country out of recession (经济衰退).
应该采取积极政策使国家摆脱经济不景气的局面.
2) 收养 (某人的孩子); 过继
The writer’s natural parents allowed another family to adopt him because they were too poor to raise him themselves.
作者的亲生父母让另一个家庭领养了他, 因为他们穷得养不起他.
6. up to:
1) the duty or responsibility of (someone) 该由 … 负责; 在于…; 取决于 (某人)
It’s up to you to decide. 由你来决定.
It’s up to us to give them all the help we can. 我们理应尽一切力量帮助他们. 2) as far as; to and including 直到 ……; 至多……
Up to now he has been working, heart and soul, as a teacher for over 30 years.
到目前为止, 他全心全意从事教学工作超过了30个年头.
Up to 100 children a month are leaving the classroom because parent are not satisfied
with schools. 因为家长对学校不满, 每月有多达100个孩子离开课堂.
3) (usually in questions or negatives) good, well, or clever enough for
(一般用于疑问句或否定句中) 够 ……; 合格做 ……; 有资格做 …… Mary is really not up to the job of secretary; she can’t type fast enough.
玛丽做秘书实在不够格, 因为她打字不够快.
My French isn’t up to translating the document.我的法语达不到翻译这份文件的水平.
7. Given up by his parents at birth, and labeled as a mentally challenged child, Les Brown’s hopes for the future were dashed. (Para. 4)
Meaning: Abandoned by his parents when he was born and regarded as a mentally weak boy,
Les Brown felt that his hopes for the future were destroyed.
Chinese: 莱斯·布朗一出生就遭父母遗弃, 而且还被戴上 “弱智儿童”的帽子, 因此他自
己对未来的希望破灭了.
at birth: at the time when a baby comes out of its mother’s body 出生时
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His parents worried about him as he only weighed three pounds at birth.
他出生时仅3英镑重, 因此他的父母特别为他担心.
label: v.
1) describe as belonging to a particular kind or class 把 … 列为 (某一类)
Anything that is labeled as “natural” and “green” sells well.
所有被标了 “天然” 和 “绿色”的东西都卖得很好.
For the purpose of the experiment, the children are divided into three groups labeled A, B,
and C. 为了做试验, 孩子们被分为A, B C 三组. 2) fix or tie a label on 贴标签于; 用标签标明
Make sure that each piece of luggage has been properly labeled.
要保证每件行李都正确地贴上了标签.
n. [C] 标签; 签条
The coat has a label inside to show the size and where it was made.
大衣内有一张标签说明其尺寸和产地.
8. lie in: exist in 存在于； 在于
My interest lies in developing a new sort of energy-saving car.
我的兴趣在于开发一种新型节能汽车。
We believe that the causes of war lie in the greed and incompetence of the politicians on
both sides. 我们认为战争的原因在于交战双方政客们的贪婪与无能。
9. go on + to do: do sth. after you have finished sth. else做完一件事后接着做另一件不同的事 go on + doing: continue without stopping or changing 接着做同一件事
Now that we have finished reading the text, let’s go on to discuss these questions. I didn’t know if the two women wanted to go on talking.
10. per: prep. (of time) during each; (especially of amounts, prices, etc.) for each (时间) 每; (尤指数量, 价格等) 每
The government’s target of 3.5% growth per year seems difficult to achieve. 政府制定的年增长率达到3.5%的目标看来难以实现. These apples cost$ 1 per pound.
11. on purpose: intentionally; with a particular stated intention 故意地; 有特定目的地
There is a strong possibility that the fire was started on purpose.
很有可能这场火灾是蓄意的.
He made a journey of seven hundred miles on purpose to get a glimpse of Niagara Falls.
他行程700英里为的就是一睹尼亚加拉瀑布的风采.
12. distinguish: v.
1) make different 使具有特色; 使有别于……
His red hair distinguished him from his brothers.他的红色头发使他有别于他的兄弟. What really distinguished Tom was his ability to associate closely with his audience.
真正使汤姆不同于其他人的是他对观众的亲和力.
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2) see, hear, or notice as being separate or distinct; recognize clearly 辨认出; 认明
The ability to distinguish between fact and opinion can help us to achieve a deeper level
of understanding in our reading.
辨别事实和观点的能力可以帮助我们在阅读中获得更深层次的理解.
Sometimes it is hard to distinguish between fake banknotes and genuine ones.
有时侯很难辨别真假钞票.
13. merely: adv. only; simply 仅仅是; 只是; 纯粹是
mere: adj. nothing more than (a); only (a) 仅仅; 只不过
It was not merely a debt repaid, but a duty fulfilled.
这不仅仅是一笔要偿还的债务, 而且是一项需要履行的职责.
Failure is not merely more common than success these days; it’s also more interesting.
如今, 失败不仅比成功更普遍, 而且还更有趣.
He attributed his success to mere luck rather than hard work.
他把他的成功归结为纯粹的运气而不是勤奋.
14. pay the/a price: experience sth. unpleasant because of sth. you have done (right or wrong) 付出代价
You’ll pay the price tomorrow for having had so much drink tonight.
明天你就会为今晚喝这么多酒付出代价.
Doubtless, he paid a price for that, too. 毫无疑问，他也为此付出了代价.
15. practically: adv.
1) in fact 事实上； 实际上
Practically, this book is more difficult than that one. 实际上, 这本书比那本要难多了. The small independent grocer has practically disappeared from the American scene.
事实上, 这种独家经营的小杂货店已经从美国的风景中消失了.
2) almost 几乎
The room was practically full. 房间差不多满了.
With that crack in it, the vase is worth practically nothing.
因为有裂缝, 这个花瓶几乎一文不值.
16. … make their dreams come true (Para. 11)
make + object + bare infinitive: In English, the bare infinitive (不带to的不定式) usually
appear after “causative verb (使役动词) + object”. The causative verbs include make, let, have, etc.
He made me drink a lot. 他让我喝了很多酒.
She won’t let us criticize her work. 她不允许我们批评她的工作.
come true: wishes, dreams, etc. happen in the way that someone said or hoped; be realized
实现
Everybody should contribute to making the dream come true.
每个人都应该为这个梦想的实现作贡献.
To everyone’s surprise, his predication of the severe storm came true.
让每个人吃惊的是, 他对暴风雪的预言成真了.
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17. striking: adj. outstanding; noticeable 显著的; 引人注目的
There is a striking contrast between the two explanations. 这两种解释有明显的差异. She bears a striking resemblance to her older sister. 她张得酷似姐姐.
18. a trade magazine: Here, a trade magazine is a magazine that talks about a particular
industry. It is generally funded by the companies in that industry. 行业杂志
19. devote: v. set apart for; five completely to 把……奉献给; 专心致志于
I need to devote a few hours every day to reading and study.
我每天需花几个小时读书学习.
She has devoted all her energy to the care of homeless people.
她已经把所有的精力都用来照顾无家可归的人.
devote oneself to: do everything you can to achieve sth. or help someone 使某人致力于
Instead of devoting himself to his studies, he wastes his time playing computer games.
他不是用心学习, 而是把时间浪费在玩电子游戏上.
20. You must be willing to do whatever it takes to make it happen, withstanding all of life’s
trials. (Para. 16)
Meaning: You must be ready to do anything that is necessary to achieve your goal, paying
whatever price and undergoing all the difficulties that come your way.
Chinese: 你必须心甘情愿地为实现目标而付出一切代价并经受生活中的所有磨难. withstand: v. remain unharmed or unchanged 经受住; 耐得住
The region needs housing that is able to withstand strong wind and heavy rain.
该地区需要能够经受住暴风骤雨的房屋.
He withstands all the criticism and pressure on him to resign.
他顶住了所有的批评和要他辞职的压力.
21. turn down:
1) refuse; reject 拒绝
He tried to join the army but was turned down because of his poor health. She turned down my invitation, saying that she had an important appointment.
她拒绝了我的邀请， 说她要去赴一个重要约会。
2) reduce the force, speed, loudness, etc. of (sth.) by using control 关小; 调低; 降低
Please turn the radio down. I’m going to sleep.
22. focus on: direct one’s attention to sth.; concentrate on (使) 集中 (注意力) 于
My lecture today will focus on the way that divorce affects the children.
我今天的演讲将主要论述离婚对孩子的影响.
This year our meeting focuses on the question of children’s rights.
今年我们的会议集中讨论儿童权利的问题.
23. take on: accept (work, responsibility, etc.) 接受 (工作等); 承担 (责任等)
Parents always give suggestions, or even take on the task themselves.
父母经常提出建议, 甚至自己亲自去做.
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I am now better prepared to take on the challenges which await me in life.
现在我已能更好地应对生活中的各种挑战.
24. launch: v.
1) begin (an activity, plan, way of life, etc.) 开办; 将 …… 投放市场
Johnson is one of the four brothers who launched the company in 1948.
Johnson 是1948年开办这家公司的四兄弟之一.
They held a special party to launch the new book yesterday.
昨天，他们就发行这本新书特地开了一次招待会.
2) send (a modern weapon or instrument) into the sky or space, especially with a rocket 发射; 把 …… 发射上天
launch a missile/spacecraft into outer space 发射导弹/太空飞船至太空
They launched a testing satellite yesterday. 他们昨天发射了一颗试验卫星. n. [C] an act of launching (船) 下水; 发射
The launch of the new ship made the workers excited. 新船的下水使工人们很兴奋. They were celebrating the successful launch of the manned spacecraft.
他们正在庆祝载人飞船的成功发射.
25. … books that has sold more than 12 million copies. (Para. 17)
Notice that “sell” is in the active voice (主动语态). In English, passive meanings may sometimes be expressed by active constructions. Tomatoes bruise easily. 西红柿很容易碰伤. The door won’t lock. 这门锁不上.
His voice does not carry well. 他的声音传不远.
However, there is a marked difference in meaning between the two structures. His biography doesn’t sell well in China. 他的自传在中国销路不好. His biography is not sold in China. 他的自传在中国没有销售.
26. All these successful people share one point: they go after what they want – earnestly and
passionately accomplishing their dreams. (Para. 18)
Meaning: All these successful people have one thing in common: they pursue their goals –
working seriously and wholeheartedly to achieve them.
Chinese: 所有这些成功者都有一个共同点: 他们追求自己想要的一切----真诚而热切地
实现自己的梦想.
go after: try to obtain or win; chase; pursue 追求; 追逐
Once Sam decided what he wanted, he went after it with single-mindedness.
一旦Sam 决定了想做什么事情, 他就会一心一意地去做.
You must decide what to go after in your life and how to achieve it.
accomplish: v. succeed in doing; finish successfully; achieve 完成(任务等); 做成功 It is necessary that an efficient worker accomplish his/her work on time.
一个高效的工人应按时完成他/她的工作, 这是必须的.
Depression can result in the loss of a person’s desire to accomplish goals.
消沉可以导致一个人丧失实现目标的愿望.
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