高三英语二轮复习阅读理解之推理判断题讲义

近三年阅读理解考点分析 卷别 新课标推理判断 词义猜测 细节理解 4 1 9 5 1 8 I卷 新课标4 1 8 5 1 8 4 2 8 I卷 全4 1 9 4 1 10 国5 1 6 甲卷 全6 1 6 6 1 7 国5 1 8 乙卷 5 1 7 年份 2023 2022 2021 2023 2022 2021 2023 2022 2021 2023 2022 2021 主旨1 1 2 1 1 1 0 3 2 1 1 2 大意 推理判断题的正确选项特征 1. 同义替换：对原文句子中的关键词进行替换，成为正确选项 2. 正话反说：把原文中的意思反过来表达而成为正确选项。 3. 语言简化：把原文中复杂的语言现象进行简化，设置为答案。

4. 词性或语态的变化：改变原文重点词性或语态，给考生制造了某些障碍。 推理判断题的干扰选项特征

1.张冠李戴：为原文内容，但与题目文不对题，不符合题目要求。 2.偷梁换柱：在意思上与原文非常相似但在某个细节上有变动。 3.正误参半：选项内容 部分正确，部分错误。 4.颠倒是非：与原文意思大相径庭或完全相反。

5.无中生有：符合常识但与原文不符或原文并未提及。 6.扩缩范围：以偏概全或以全概偏。 一、隐含推断题 implied question 锁定关键词：

一般包括六个动词：infer(推断)，indicate(象征，暗示)，imply(暗示)，suggest(暗示)，assume(假定，设想)和conclude(推断，做出结论)。 常有can, could, probably, likely等 常见的设问方式有：

What can we infer from paragragh 3? What can we infer from the passage?

What can be inferred from the last paragraph? 【真题典例】 （2023年全国甲卷D 篇）

...If people remove food and attractants from their yards and campsites, grizzlies will typically pass by without trouble. “Our hope is to have a clean, attractantfree place where bears can pass through without learning bad habits,\" says James Jonkel, longtime biologist who manages bears in and around Missoula. 35. What can be inferred from the last paragraph? A. Food should be provided for grizzlies. B. People can live in harmony with grizzlies. C. A special path should be built for grizzlies. D. Technology can be introduced to protect grizzlies. 【追踪训练1】 （2023年新高考I卷 B 篇）

When John Todd was a child, he loved to explore the woods around his house, observing how nature solved problems ...

After studying agriculture, medicine, and fisheries in college, John went back to observing nature and asking questions ...

24. What can we learn about John from the first two paragraphs? A. He was fond of traveling. B. He enjoyed being alone. C. He had an inquiring mind. D. He longed to be a doctor.

【追踪训练2】 （2022年全国乙卷D篇）

Today’s figures, according to one government official, show the positive influence the sugar tax is having by raising millions of pounds for sports facilities(设施) and healthier eating in schools. Helping the next generation to have a healthy and active childhood is of great importance, and the industry is playing its part.

35.What can be inferred about the adoption of the sugar tax policy?

A.It is a shortsighted decision. B.It is a success story. C.It benefits manufacturers（制造业）. D.It upsets customers. 【追踪训练3】 （2021年英语全国甲卷C篇）

When I was 9, we packed up our home in Los Angeles and arrived at Heathrow, London on a gray January morning. Everyone in the family settled quickly into the city except me. Without my beloved beaches and endless blue—sky days, I felt at a loss and out of place. Until I made a discovery. What can we learn about the author soon after he moved to London? A．He felt disappointed. B．He gave up his hobby.

C．He liked the weather there. D．He had disagreements with his family 【追踪训练4】 （2023年新高考I卷 D篇） 【4】In a followup study with 100 university students, the researchers tried to get a better sense of what the group members actually did in their discussion. Did they tend to go with those most confident about their estimates? Did they follow those least willing to change their minds? .... 34. What did the followup study focus on?

A. The size of the groups. B. The dominant members. C. The discussion process. D. The individual estimates. 二、写作意图题 intention

写作意图题要求考生根据文章的内容揣测作者的写作意图，具体包括文章整体的写作意图或者某一细节的写作意图。

锁定关键词：purpose（目的），intend to（打算），want to tell us ...（想要告诉我们），write this passage to（写这篇文章为了） 常见的设问方式有：

Why does the author discuss/mention... in paragraph...? What is the (author’s) purpose of this text?

What does the author want to say by mentioning...? 根据文体的特点和用途来推断作者的写作目的：

1.记叙文，特别是个人的有趣经历或幽默故事类的文章——娱乐读者；

(to make people laugh; to tell an interesting experience; to tell us a funny story; to describe an unusual experience; to show sb’s dislike for sth)

2. 夹叙夹议文——让读者得到某种启示或教育；

(to introduce the readers some information; to share a lesson sb learned; to give a brief introduction of sth; to report sth)

3. 广告和议论文——说服读者接受某种产品、服务或接受某种观点； ( to sell, to attract, to persuade, to promote...)

4. 科普说明文或新闻报道——告知读者某些信息 (to introduce, to explain, to inform, to make parisons...) 【真题演练】 （2023年新高考I卷B篇）

Over the years, John has taken on many big jobs. He developed a greenhouse — like facility that treated sewage (污水) from 1,600 homes in South Burlington. He also designed an ecomachine to clean canal water in Fuzhou, a city in southeast China.

26. What is the author’s purpose in mentioning Fuzhou? A. To review John’s research plans. B. To show an application of John’s idea. C. To pare John’s different jobs. D. To erase doubts about John’s invention. 【追踪训练1】 （2023年全国甲卷C篇）

Weiner starts each chapter with a scene on a train ride between cities and then frames each

philosopher’s work in the context (背景) of one thing they can help us do better. The end result is a read in which we learn to wonder like Socrates, see like Thoreau, listen like Schopenhauer, and have no regrets like Nietzsche. This, more than a book about understanding philosophy, is a book about learning to use philosophy to improve a life.

29. Why does the author list great philosophers in paragraph 4? A. To pare Weiner with them. B. To give examples of great works. C. To praise their writing skills. D. To help readers understand Weiners book. 【追踪训练2】 （2023年全国乙卷D篇）

Ideally a history would bring together texts and objects, and some chapters of this book are able to do just that, but in many cases we simply can’t. The clearest example of this between literate and nonliterate history is perhaps the first conflict, at Botany Bay, between Captain Cook’s voyage and the Australian Aboriginals. From the English side, we have scientific reports and the captain’s record of that terrible day. From the Australian side, we have only a wooden shield (盾) dropped by a man in flight after his first experience of gunshot.

33. What does the author indicate by mentioning Captain Cook in paragraph 2? A. His report was scientific. B. He represented the local people. C. He ruled over Botany Bay. D. His record was onesided. 【追踪训练3】 （2023年新高考I卷C篇）

【1】The goal of this book is to make the case for digital minimalism, including a detailed exploration of what it asks and why it works, and then to teach you how to adopt this philosophy if you decide it’s right for you.

【5】The second part of this book takes a closer look at some ideas that will help you cultivate (培养) a sustainable digital minimalism lifestyle. ... 28. What is the book aimed at?

A. Teaching critical thinking skills. B. Advocating a simple digital lifestyle. C. Solving philosophical problems. D. Promoting the use of a digital device. 【追踪训练4】 （2023年新高考II卷C篇）

Continued developments in munication technologies were once believed to make the printed page outdated. From a 21stcentury point of view, the printed book is certainly ancient, but it remains as interactive as any batterypowered ereader.

31. What does the author want to say by mentioning the ereader? A. The printed book is not totally out of date. B. Technology has changed the way we read. C. Our lives in the 21st century are networked. D. People now rarely have the patience to read. 三、观点态度题 attitude

推理判断之观点态度考点是高考中的常考点。

观点态度题要求考生推断文中人物对某事所持的观点或态度；推断作者对某事物所持的观点与态度。

常见的设问方式有： 推断人(事)物品质

Which of the following words best describe...? 推断态度观点

What’s the writer's attitude towards...? Which of the following best describes...?

What’s XX’s attitude towards America's future ?

注意熟悉一些常见的有关作者情感、态度的词语。

褒义词有：supportive(支持的)；positive(积极的)；optimistic(乐观的)；enthusiastic(热情的)等。 贬义词有：negative(否定的，消极的)；ironic(讽刺的)；critical(批评的)；disgusted(厌恶的)；disappointed(失望的)等。

中性词有：indifferent(漠不关心的)；uninterested(不感兴趣的)；objective(客观的)；neutral(中立的)等。

注意熟悉一些描写人物事物特征的形容词词语。 generous慷慨的；brave勇敢的；demanding要求高的; 苛求的; 需要高技能(或耐性等)的; 费力的; 要求极严的; 难满足的；impatient不耐烦的； outgoing外向的；easygoing随和的；organized有条理的；modest谦虚的；optimistic乐观的；cautious小心，谨慎的；caring乐于助人的; 关心他人的; 体贴人的； skillful熟练的; 灵巧的; 擅长于 (at; in); 制作精巧的；responsible负责任的； determined有决心的；modest谦虚的；creative有创造力的；ambitious有雄心的；adventurous冒险的；cooperative 有合作意识的；honest诚实的；capable adj. 有能力的,有才能的;cooperative 有合作意识的；honest诚实的；capable adj. 有能力的,有才能的； confident adj.自信的；diligent adj.勤奋的；voluntary adj.自愿的,主动的；energetic adj. 精力旺盛的；humorous adj.幽默的；enthusiastic adj.热情的；experienced

adj.有经验的；intelligent聪明的; 智能的; 有才智的; 悟性强的; 有智力的; 有理解和学习能力的；grateful感激的；helpful有帮助的；talkative健谈的；athletic运动型; 体育运动的; 健壮的；patient有耐心的；innovative创新的；tolerant忍受的；positive 积极的；mitted坚信的; 尽心尽力的; 坚定的；considerate 体贴的；ashamed惭愧的; regretful后悔的；disappointed失望的；amazed吃惊的；satisfied满意的；disappointed失望的；shocked震惊的；overjoyed过度高兴的；pleased满意的；indifferent冷漠的；sorrowful悲伤的；sympathetic同情的；hardworking勤劳的；embarrassed尴尬的；proud自豪的；energetic充满活力的；courageous勇敢的; 无畏的；independent独立的；sensitive敏感的。

【真题演练】 （2023年全国乙卷B篇）

...However, we did not mark the route (路线) so we ended up almost missing the sunset entirely. Once we found the place, it was stressful getting lights and cameras set up in the limited time. Still, looking back on the photos, they are some of my best shots though they could have been so much better if I would have been prepared and managed my time wisely.

27. How does the author find his photos taken at Devil’s Lake? A. Amusing. B. Satisfying. C. Encouraging. D. forting. 【追踪训练1】 （2023年新高考I卷D篇）

【4】In a followup study with 100 university students, .... Somehow, these arguments and reasoning resulted in a global reduction in error. Although the studies led by Navajas have limitations and many questions remain, the potential implications for group discussion and decisionmaking are enormous. 35. What is the author’s attitude toward Navajas’ studies?

A. Unclear. B. Dismissive. C. Doubtful. D. Approving. 【追踪训练2】 （2023年新高考II卷B篇）

Program evaluations show that kids eat more vegetables as a result of the classes. “We have students who say they went home and talked to their parents and now they’re eating differently,” Jaramillo says. She adds that the program’s benefits go beyond nutrition. Some students get so interested in

gardening that they bring home seeds to start their own vegetable gardens. Besides, working in the garden seems to have a calming effect on Jaramillo’s special education students, many of whom have emotional control issues. “They get outside,” she says, “and they feel successful.” 26. Which of the following best describes the impact of the program? A. Farreaching. B. Predictable. C. Shortlived. D. Unidentifiable. 【追踪训练3】 （2023年全国乙卷C篇）

② It’s thanks to these TV chefs rather than any advertising campaign that Britons are turning away from meatandtwoveg and readymade meals and being more adventurous in their cooking habits...

③ According to a new study from market analysts, 1 in 5 Britons say that watching cookery programmes on TV has encouraged them to try different food. Almost one third say they now use a wider variety of ingredients (配料) than they used to, and just under 1 in 4 say they now buy better quality ingredients than before. ...

29. Which best describes cookery programmes on British TV? A. Authoritative. B. Creative. C. Profitable. D. Influential. 【追踪训练4】 （2023年1月·浙江卷B篇）

Zero waste was a radical lifestyle movement a few years back. I remember showing my parents a video of Bea Johnson, sharing how cool I thought it would be to buy groceries with jars, and have so little trash! A few days later, I came back with my first jars of zero waste groceries, and my dad mented on how silly it was for me to carry jars everywhere. It came off as a bit discouraging.

25．What was the attitude of the author’s father toward buying groceries with jars? A．He disapproved of it. B．He was favorable to it. C．He was tolerant of it. D．He didn’t care about it. 四、写作方法题 method

通过阅读理解中，推断文章写作方法考查考生的基本的写作技能，在新高考命题中很可能会出现。推断文章写作方法的命题依据是：新课程标准中要求学生掌握：常见文章文体的写作方法。因此，推断文章写作方法的推理判断题，有可能在2024年高考中将成为高考阅读理解的题型，应该倍加注意。

常见的设问方式：

（1）How is the passage organized?

（2）The author develops the passage mainly by _________.

（3）The first paragraph serves as a（n） __________.

（4）The example of … is given to show/illustrate that__________. 了解文章的修辞手法

从修辞手法上讲，在高考阅读中主要考查下定义、分类说明、列举例证和对比等写作手法。 作对比 By making parisons. 举例子 By giving examples. 分析原因 By analyzing causes. 列数字 By listing figures. 下定义 By providing definitions

【追踪训练1】 （2023届安徽省A10联盟高考最后一卷）

Most mercially available portable desalination units use filters that require highpressure pumps to push the water, which makes them huge in size and less energy efficient. The filterless MIT device will allow it to be used in remote or resourcelimited places like small islands, ships, and even for emergency use. 2．How is the third paragraph developed? A．By making parisons. B．By giving examples. C．By analyzing causes. D．By listing figures. 【追踪训练2】 （2023届广东省惠州市高三5月二模）

The value of the waste is about $162 billion. About half ends up in city landfills (垃圾填埋场). It costs local government about $1.5 billion a year to deal with them. The report says that one third of all food in the world is never eaten. The full cost of the world’s food waste can be $400 billion a year. Billions can be saved if the amount of food waste is reduced. Most of the food is thrown away by shopkeepers and

consumers in wealthy nations. If it is saved, it could feed 870 million hungry people of the world. A family of four wastes about $1,600 worth of food each year. 4．How is Paragraph 2 developed? A．By listing data. B．By giving examples.

C．By providing definitions. D．By making parisons. 【追踪训练3】 （2023届浙江省四校高三5月联考）

As an intense heat wave sweeps through China, residents are seeking relief in air raid shelters and

swimming pools to stay cool, and dozens of cities, including Shanghai, Chongqing and Hangzhou, have issued their highestlevel red alert warnings. Shanghai has issued three red alerts this year, with the temperature hitting 40.9 Celsius on July 13, matching the record set in 2017 since 1873. The fact that Shanghai has experienced only 16 days of 40°Cplus temperatures since the city began keeping records in 1873 should give us an idea about the seriousness of the situation.

Extreme heat events, which began a month ago, have affected the lives of more than 900 million people in China. Between June 1 and July 12, the average number of days with temperatures above 35°Cwas 5.3, up 2.4 days over normal years, breaking the national record set in 1961, according to the National Climate Center.

2．How does the author develop the text?

A．By analyzing and concluding. B．By explaining and contrasting. C．By giving examples and quoting. D．By giving figures and paring. 五、预测推断题 indicate

推理判断之推断文章走势考点是高考中可能考的考点。在当今高考的新改革时代，考查学生的预测推断是新课标中的要求，很有可能在高考中出现。预测在2024高考中，推断文章走势有可能在高考阅读理解中呈现。 常见的设问方式有：

1. What will be discussed further in the ing paragraph?

2. What may the researchers do next according to the last paragraph? 3. What would the author most probably discuss next? 4.Where does the article go next?

5.What would the following paragraph talk about? 【真题演练】 （2023年全国乙卷 C篇）

The UK’s obsession (痴迷) with food is reflected through television scheduling.

Cookery shows and documentaries about food are broadcast more often than before. With an increasing number of male chefs on TV, it’s no longer “uncool” for boys to like cooking. 31. What might the author continue talking about? A. The art of cooking in other countries. B. Male chefs on TV programmes. C. Table manners in the UK. ``D. Studies of big eaters.

【追踪训练1】 （广东省茂名市五校联盟第二次联考）

In the end, it all depends on you. Whether or not your search for a friend bears fruit lies in your approach, and though I'm not a great relationship master, I have some tips that will aid you in your exploration for the \"BFF\" of your dreams.

4．What do you think the text will talk about next? A．How to get on well with online friends. B．How to find online best friends.

C．How to keep in touch with online friends. `D．How to benefit from dream online friends. 【追踪训练2】 （2023届山西省长治市三模联合考试）

Giddings explained: “We’re bringing together different people with different expertise, such that I think it’s going to have some great results and impacts. We’ll bine results from this experiment with an older field study and puter models that will allow us to make progress on understanding how the dyed freshwater spread.”

31．What will researchers probably do next? A．Build more scientific puter models. B．Experiment with dyes of different colors. C．Make a further research into the results. D．Discuss the results with different experts. 六、文章来源题 source

文章来源题要求考生推断文章出处，即通过阅读材料，感知内容，从而推断材料的来源。

推断文章来源的方法：1.要求考生广泛阅读，了解各种文体的特点，清楚各种文体的常用格式，这样才能对号入座；2.通读文章内容，了解文章的体裁，清楚文章内容的方向。 常见的设问方式有： 1. What is the text?

2. Who is the text intended for?

3. In which section of a newspaper may this text appear? 4. Where is this text probably taken from? 5.Where can the text be found?

6. Where is this text most likely from? 7. From which is the text probably taken? 应用文类 guidebook(旅游指南); advertisement(广告); announcement(公告); a travel brochure(旅游手册); academic article(学术文章) 记叙文类 autobiography(自传); science fiction(科幻小说); novel(小说); diary(日记); children’s literature(儿童文学); 说明文类 a book review(书评); a biology textbook(生物书); a science report(科学报道); a science magazine(科学杂志); a health magazine(健康杂志); 【真题演练】 （2023年全国乙卷D篇） ① If you want to tell the history of the whole world, a history that does not privilege one part of humanity, you cannot do it through texts alone, because only some of the world has ever had texts, while most of the world, for most of the time, has not. Writing is one of humanity’s later achievements, and until fairly

recently even many literate (有文字的) societies recorded their concerns not only in writing but in things. 35. Which of the following books is the text most likely selected from? A. How Maps Tell Stories of the World B. A Short History of Australia C. A History of the World in 100 Objects D. How Art Works Tell Stories 【追踪训练1】 （2023年新高考II卷C篇）

Reading Art: Art for Book Lovers is a celebration of an everyday object — the book,... In this “book of books,” artworks are selected and arranged in a way ... 28. Where is the text most probably taken from? A. An introduction to a book. B. An essay on the art of writing. C. A guidebook to a museum. D. A review of modern paintings. 【追踪训练2】 （2022年新高考I卷A篇）

Grading Policies for Introduction to Literature

Grading Scale

90100, A; 8089, B; 7079, C; 6069, D; Below 60, E. Essays (60%)

Your four major essays will bine to form the main part of the grade for this course: Essay 1 = 10%; Essay 2 = 15%; Essay 3 = 15%; Essay 4 = 20%. 21．Where is this text probably taken from? A．A textbook. B．An exam paper. C．A course plan. D．An academic article. 【追踪训练3】 （2018年全国II卷B篇）

[1]Many of us love July because it's the month when nature’s berries and stone fruits are in abundance. These colourful and sweet jewels from British Columbia's fields are little powerhouses of nutritional protection.

[2]Of the mon berries, strawberries are highest in vitamin C, although, because of their seeds, raspberries contain a little more protein (蛋白质), iron and zinc (not that fruits have much protein). Blueberries are particularly high in antioxidants (抗氧化物质). 27．From which is the text probably taken? A．A biology textbook. B．A health magazine. C．A research paper. D．A travel brochure. 七、文章结构题 structure

通过阅读理解中，推断文章结构考查考生的整体观，从全局看问题的能力，在新高考命题中很可能会出现。推断文章结构的命题依据是：新课程标准中要求学生掌握：主要语篇结构特征。因此，推断文章结构的推理判断题，有可能在2024年高考中将成为高考阅读理解的题型，应该倍加注意。 常见的设问方式有：

（1）How is the passage organized?

（2）Which of the following best shows the structure/organization of the passage?

1、记叙文可以采取以时间为序、以地点为序、以故事情节发展为序（开端、发展、高潮、结局）等叙事方式进行写作。以故事情节为序又可以不按照时间的先后顺序叙述，比如，先写结局，再写其他，最后写高潮，这种叙事手法叫做倒叙。 2、议论文总体上可以分为四类：

第一类，“提出论点——分论点一——分论点二——分论点三……——结论”； 第二类，“引入段——导出论点——分点论述——结论”； 第三类，“提出问题——分析问题——解决问题”；

第四类，“提出反面观点——批驳反面观点——提出正面观点”。

3、说明文往往采取下定义、举例子、列数字、对比或比较等说明方式进行写作，而这些说明方式都是为了使文章要说明的内容或问题更加清晰明了、真实可信，或者更具说服力。 【追踪训练1】 （2023届江西省赣州市高三下学期二模）

Sleep is reparative. Because we need to repair a lot while we sleep, it’s important to get quality sleep. Most of us function better in the daytime with routines. We also function better at night with a routine because we want to keep pace with our natural body rhythms. Each person’s routine may be different — some people wash their face at night, and some take a bath — just make sure it is a routine. That’s true during the week and on the weekend; consistency matters. Have a winding down, getting ready for sleep routine, and carry that out at the same time every night. Find things that are relaxing and help slow you down for sleep. That may be reading, listening to music, meditating, praying — anything that’s relaxing while also being constructive or healthy.

Typically, people relax and tend to slow everything down at bedtime. As they relax, they take deeper breaths, increasing oxygen flow, which raises their skin temperature. This is one of the key reasons why we sleep better in a cooler environment. If your skin temperature increases and your room is already a bit warm, you will be too hot to sleep well.

The exact temperature is a personal matter. The key is that it’s more toward cool than hot. Many consider 68 degrees an environment that’s neither so cold we shiver nor so hot we sweat. But there’s no scientific evidence for an exact, perfect sleeping temperature.

At the end of the day, sleep is absolutely crucial for so many reasons. It helps us repair and rejuvenate so we can fight infection, concentrate, regulate our moods, show up for ourselves and the people in our lives, and basically function as humans. We can’t make up lost sleep, contrary to what many a night owl might think. So, it’s really high time we should do all we can to foster the best sleep possible, starting with

a cool room and relaxing bedtime routine. What’s the structure of the text? 【追踪训练2】 （2023·江西省赣州市期末）

You’ve probably already heard about AIpowered cameras that can recognize people just by analyzing their facial features, but what if there was a way for artificial intelligence to figure out what you look like just by the sound of your voice and without paring your voice to a database? That’s exactly what a team of scientists at MIT has been working on, and the results of their work are impressive. While their neural network, named Speech2Face, can’t yet figure out the exact facial features of a human just by their voice, it certainly gets plenty of details right.

Speech2Face is trained in the training data, which is a collection of educational videos from YouTube. “Our model is designed to reveal statistical connections that exist between facial features and voices of speakers in the training data,” the creators of Speech2Face said. However, the data does not represent equally the entire world population. Therefore, the model as is the case with any machine learning model is affected by this uneven distribution of data.

You can tell a lot about a person from the way they speak alone. For example, you can most likely tell if someone is male or female, or if they are young or old, but Speech2Face goes beyond that. It can determine fairly accurately the shape of someone’ s nose, cheekbones or jaw from their voice alone, because the way the nose and other bones in our faces are structured determines the way we sound.

The racial characteristic is also one of the things Speech2Face can figure out with accuracy from listening to someone’s voice for just a few milliseconds, as people who e from the same groups tend to have similar qualities or features. The AI takes a variety of factors into account, and it sometimes produces impressive results, but it’s still a work in progress. What’s the structure of the text? 巩固练习

【巩固练习1】 （2023年1月·浙江卷C篇）

A machine can now not only beat you at chess, it can also outperform you in debate. Last week, in a public debate in San Francisco, a software program called Project Debater beat its human opponents, including Noa Ovadia, Israel’s former national debating champion.

28．Why does the author mention Noa Ovadia in the first paragraph?

A．To explain the use of a software program. B．To show the cleverness of Project Debater. C．To introduce the designer of Project Debater. D．To emphasize the fairness of the petition. 【巩固练习2】 （2023年全国甲卷 C篇）

（Para 5) He makes philosophical thought an appealing exercise that improves the quality of our experiences, and he does so with plenty of humor and straightforward prose. ..

（Para 6) The Socrates Express is a fun, sharp book that draws readers in with its apparent simplicity and gradually pulls them in deeper thoughts on desire, loneliness, and aging. 31. What does the author think of Weiner’s book? A. Objective and plain. B. Daring and ambitious. C. Serious and hard to follow. D. Humorous and straightforward 【巩固练习3】 （2023年1月·浙江卷D篇）

Habitat loss, pesticide use, and climate change have caused dramatic declines in pollinator populations over the past couple of decades, which has damaged the U.S. agricultural economy. Over 28 states have passed laws related to pollinator habitat protection and pesticide use. Conservation organizations put out

pollinatorfriendliness guidelines for home gardens, businesses, schools, cities—and now there are guidelines for solar farms.

34．What is the purpose of the laws mentioned in paragraph 4? A．To conserve pollinators. B．To restrict solar development. C．To diversify the economy. D．To ensure the supply of energy. 【巩固练习4】 （2023年2月四省联考）

In 2012, Toumi consolidated her dream to fight the desert. She moved to Tunisia, and set up a programme named Acacias for All to put her sustainable farming philosophy into action...

By September 2016, more than 130, 000 acacia trees had been planted on 20 pilot farms, with farmers recording a 60 percent survival rate.Toumi estimates that some 3 million acacia trees are needed to protect Tunisia’s farmland.

6. Why did Toumi set up Acacias for All in Tunisia?

A. To create job opportunities for young people. B. To help the children obtain a basic education. C. To persuade the farmers not to use fertilizers. D. To facilitate the protection of their farmland. 【巩固练习5】 （2022年新高考I卷 B篇）

Like most of us, I try to be mindful of food that goes to waste. The arugula (芝麻菜) was to make a nice green salad, rounding out a roast chicken dinner. But I ended up working late. Then friends called with a dinner invitation. I stuck the chicken in the freezer. But as days passed, the arugula went bad. Even worse, I had unthinkingly bought way too much; I could have made six salads with what I threw out. 24. What does the author want to show by telling the arugula story? A. We pay little attention to food waste. B. We waste food unintentionally at times. C. We waste more vegetables than meat. D. We have good reasons for wasting food. 【巩固练习6】 （2023年全国甲卷 B篇）

She credits these skills to her late grandfather and builder Derek Lloyd. From the age of six, Terri, now 26, acpanied Derek to work during her school holidays. A day’s work was rewarded with £ 5 in pocket money. She says:“ I'm sure I wasn't much of a help to start with, painting the rooms and putting down the flooring throughout the house. It took weeks and it was backbreaking work , but I know he was proud of my skills. ”

5. Why did Terri’s grandfather give her £ 5 a day?

A. For a birthday gift. B. As a treat for her work. C. To support her DIY projects. D. To encourage her to take up a hobby. 【巩固练习7】 （2022年新高考I卷 C篇）

The project was dreamed up by a local charity(慈善组织) to reduce loneliness and improve elderly people’s wellbeing. It is also being used to help patients suffering dementia, a serious illness of the mind. Staff in care homes have reported a reduction in the use of medicine where hens are in use. 28.What is the purpose of the project? A. To ensure harmony in care homes. B. To provide parttime jobs for the aged. C. To raise money for medical research. D. To promote the elderly people’s welfare. 【巩固练习8】 （2022年新高考I卷 C篇）

Wendy Wilson, extra care manager at 60 Penfold Street, one of the first to embark on the project, said: “Residents really wele the idea of the project and the creative sessions. We are looking forward to the benefits and fun the project can bring to people here.”

Lynn Lewis, director of Notting Hill Pathways, said: “We are happy to be taking part in the project. It will really help connect our residents through a shared interest and creative activities.” 31.What can we learn about the project from the last two paragraphs? A. It is well received. B. It needs to be more creative. C. It is highly profitable. D. It takes ages to see the results 【巩固练习9】

Over the last seven years, most states have banned texting by drivers, and public service campaigns have tried a wide range of methods to persuade people to put down their phones when they are behind the wheel.

Yet the problem, by just about any measure, appears to be getting worse. Americans are still texting while driving, as well as using social networks and taking photos. Road accidents, which had fallen for years, are now rising sharply.

28. Which of the following best describes the ban on drivers’ texting in the US? A. Ineffective. B. Unnecessary. C. Inconsistent. D. Unfair. 【巩固练习10】

Dr. Nieca Goldberg, a spokeswoman for the American Heart Association, says Levine’s findings are a great start. But the study was small and needs to be repeated with far larger groups of people to determine exactly which aspects of an exercise routine make the biggest difference. 35. What does Dr. Nieca Goldberg suggest?

A. Making use of the findings. B. Interviewing the study participants. C. Conducting further research. D. Clarifying the purpose of the study. 【巩固练习11】

The Chinese civilization is a huge tree with very deep roots, and Greece also has a rich ancient civilization, she said, adding she believes that the two countries could promote cooperation and exchanges in many fields, such as in preservation of antiques.

7．What will the text probably talk about in the following part? A．Cultural preservation in China. B．The way to preserve cultural heritage.

C．The introduction of other Greek art productions. D．Cooperation between Chinese and Greek culture.

【巩固练习12】

“Think of a rubber band. In the beginning, it is flexible, but put it in a drawer for 20 years and it will bee dry and easily broken,” says Dr. Ben Levine, a heart specialist at the University of Texas. That’s what happens to the heart. Fortunately for those in midlife, Levine is finding that even if you haven’t been an enthusiastic exerciser, getting in shape now may help improve your aging heart. 32.What does Levine want to explain by mentioning the rubber band?

A. The right way of exercising. B.The causes of a heart attack. C.The difficulty of keeping fit. D.The aging process of the heart. 【巩固练习13】

Population trends suggest that the demand for robots to work alongside people in care situations will grow over time. By 2050, the number of people aged 65 and over globally will be 1.6 billion (17%), roughly twice the proportion of what it is today. An extra 3.5 million care workers will be needed and that will include emotionally intelligent robots.

3．How is paragraph 4 developed? A．By concluding viewpoints. B．By analyzing causes. C．By making parison. D．By giving definition. 【巩固练习14】

As kids bee better at managing their feelings and behavior, it’s important to help them develop coping skills, like active problem solving. Such skills can help them feel confident in handling what es their way. 15．What will the writer probably talk about next? A．The way to train kids to be confident.

B．The way to train kids’ abilities to deal with matters. C．The way to train kids to selfregulate their emotions.

D．The way to train kids’ abilities to be sensitive and responsible.