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Unit 2 I think that mooncakes are delicious
单元语法小专题(Grammar Focus)
语法精讲
一、感叹句
感叹句是用来表达喜、怒、哀、乐等强烈感情的句子。感叹句主要由what或how 引导。
1．what引导的感叹句，主要有以下三种句式： 【句式1】What＋a/an＋形容词＋可数名词单数＋主语＋谓语！如：
What an interesting film this is! 这是一部多么有趣的影片啊！
【句式2】What＋形容词＋可数名词复数形式＋主语＋谓语！如：
What beautiful pictures these are! 这些是多么好看的图片啊！
【句式3】What＋形容词＋不可数名词＋主语＋谓语！如：
What exciting news this is! 这是多么激动人心的消息啊！
2．how引导的感叹句，主要有以下两种句式： 【句式1】How＋形容词/副词＋主语＋谓语！如： How hot it is today! 今天真热啊！ 【句式2】How＋主语＋谓语！如：
How she wishes to go to college! 她多希望上大学啊！
【注意】(1)有时由what引导的感叹句和由how引导的感叹句之间可以相互转换，且意思没有什么变化。但在转换的过程中，要注意句型中的主语、形容词、副词或冠词等的变化。如：
How old a building that is! ＝What an old building that is! 那是一栋多么破旧的楼房啊！
(2)表示强烈感情的陈述句可以转换成感叹句。在转换的过程中，陈述句中表示程度的副词如very，quite，so，really，rather等要去掉。如：
The story is very exciting.→What an exciting story it is！/How exciting the story is!
二、由that，if或whether引导的宾语从句 在复合句中，由一个句子充当宾语，这个句子叫作宾语从句。宾语从句的结构为“主句＋ 连接词＋宾语从句”构成。本单元主要学习由that，if，whether引导的宾语从句。
1．由that引导的宾语从句通常由陈述句转化而来，一般放在think，believe，hope，hear，know等动词的后面，其中that没有实际意义可省略。如：
I hope(that) you can return on time.我希望你能按时回来。
【注意】描述主语精神状态或情感态度的形容词如afraid，glad，sure，sorry等的后面也可接that引导的宾语从句。如：
I'm sure(that) Tom will go to the bookstore this afternoon.我确信今天下午汤姆会去书店。
2．由if或whether引导的宾语从句由一般疑问句转化而来，一般放在ask，see，wonder，find out等动词或短语的后面。此时if或whether意为“是否”，不能省略，宾语从句要使用陈述句语序。但要注意：当从句后面有or not时，只能用whether。如：
Could you tell me whether you go with them or not? 你能告诉我你是否和他们一起去吗？
【注意】在学习和使用宾语从句时，一定要注意宾语从句的时态。如果主句是一般现在时或一般将来时，宾语从句可根据实际情况选用不同的时态；如果主句是过去时，从句通常用相应的过去的某种时态；如果从句表示的是客观事实、自然现象等，从句时态不受主句限制，通常用一般现在时。如：
Our teacher said that light travels faster than sound.我们的老师说光比声音传播得更快。
语法精练
Ⅰ.用that，what，how，if或whether填空。 1．The teacher asks me if/whether I have been to London.
2．What beautiful flowers they are!
3．I don't know whether or not they will come for our help.
4．What a useful dictionary it is! I want to buy it.
5．What fine weather it is! Let's go out for a walk.
6．How delicious the mooncakes are!
7．Our geography teacher said that the earth goes around the sun.
8．I wonder if/whether you can arrive here by 5 pm.
9．What an exciting basketball match!
10．How high the mountain is! Ⅱ.按要求完成下列句子，每空一词。
11．The problem is quite difficult.(改为感叹句)
How difficult the problem is!
12．He was waiting for the bus at seven this morning.Paul said.(合并成一个句子)
Paul said that he was waiting for the bus at seven that morning. 13．This idea sounds so amazing.(改为感叹句) How amazing this idea sounds!
14．Did the old man use to play the piano? We wondered.(合并成一个句子)
We wondered if/whether the old man used to play the piano.
15．What a wonderful trip it was！(改为同义句)
How wonderful the trip was!
Unit 1 How can we become good learners
Self Check
Ⅰ.根据句意及首字母提示填写单词。
1．Marie Curie was the scientist that first discovered radium(镭)．
2．Can you repeat what you said just now? I didn't hear you clearly.
3．Do you often make conversations with your partner in English class?
4．If you are shy，you can smile before you start a conversation with others.
5．Now Lucy pays more attention to her grades instead of her clothes.
Ⅱ.用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空。 6．Almost everyone thinks the girl has a lovely pronunciation (pronounce)．
7．He studied his map，trying to memorize(memory) the way to Jack's house.
8．Everyone thinks the little boy was born(bear) with the ability to sing.
9．“Did I win first prize？” Jim asked with an expression(express) of surprise on his face.
10．Do you know the story of how God created(create) the world?
Ⅲ.根据汉语意思及括号内所给的英文提示，把下列句子译成英语。
11．这座桥把这个小村庄和那个大城市连接起来。(connect…with…)
The__bridge__connects__this__small__village__with__that__big__city.
12．那个男孩反复地读了这个英语故事。(over and over again)
The__boy__read__the__English__story__over__and__over__again.
13．我父母对我总是很耐心。(be patient with) My__parents__are__always__patient__with__me.
14．当我紧张的时候，我的爱好能帮助我放松。(be stressed out)
When__I__am__stressed__out,__my__hobbies__can__help__me__(to)__relax.
15．我很高兴我的英语正在一点一点地提高。(bit by bit)
I'm__happy__that__my__English__is__improving__bit__by__bit.
Ⅳ.完形填空。 Chinese are very generous(慷慨的)when it comes to educating their children.Not caring about the__16__，parents often send their children to the best schools or even abroad—to England，the USA or Australia. The Chinese __17__ that the more expensive the education is，the better it is.__18__ parents will spend a lot of money on their children's education. Even __19__ parents will buy
a computer for their son or daughter. Though they're not rich，they would rather pay for the education.
Parents can __20__ that their children's skills are different，skilled(有技能的) in some areas while poor in others.But most __21__ fail to realize that the children today need more self－confidence.
The problem is that parents are only educating their children on how to __22__ tests and how to study well，but they are not teaching them the most
C．parents D．teachers
(B)22.A.discuss B．pass
C．join D．give
(D)23.A.educational B．different
C．healthy D．confident
(B)24.A.before B．by C．from D．in
(A)25.A.improve B．choose important skills that they need.And these skills are important to help them to be __23__，happy and clever.
Parents can achieve this __24__ teaching their children the skills like cooking or doing other housework.
Teaching a child to cook will __25__ many of the skills that he will need later in life.Cooking needs patience and time.It is an interesting but difficult experience.A good cook __26__ tries to improve his cooking，so he will learn to work hard and gradually finish __27__ job successfully.His result，a well－cooked dinner，will make him __28__ good and give him a lot of self－confidence.
Some old machines，such as a broken radio or TV set that you give your child to play __29__，will make him interested and want to know more.He will spend hours studying them and trying to fix them.Your child might become an engineer when he __30__．These activities are teaching a child not only to study at school，but also to think，to use his mind.And that is more important.
(D)16.A.time B．education
C．children D．money
(B)17.A.compare B．believe
C．disagree D．promise
(C)18.A.Because B．Although
C．So D．But
(D)19.A.old B．rich
C．young D．poor
(A)20.A.see B．hope
C．allow D．control
(C)21.A.sons B．daughters
C．check D．miss
(B)26.A.sometimes B．always
C．never D．already (C)27.A.my B．her
C．his D．their
(D)28.A.sound B．look
C．taste D．feel
(A)29.A.with B．for
C．onto D．against
(B)30.A.wakes up B．grows up
C．gets up D．shows up Ⅴ.任务型阅读。
下面文章中有五处(第31～35题)需要添加小标题。请从以下选项(A、B、C、D、E和F)中选出符合各段意思的小标题。选项中有一项是多余选项。
(C)31.Your best chance of success is by doing what you really want to do.Ask yourself，“If money were not so important，what kind of work would I do for free？” Then just do what you like to do.
(F)32.Think about what you are going to do.You have to start somewhere and it may be quite a real beginning. Whether you are beginning in business or you're dreaming to be a star，you have to start at the bottom.
(A)33.Great ambition(目标) is necessary. An English student called Richard Brason opened a student magazine when he was only 16 years old. But he didn't stop there. He also opened a record business with many shops，and now his company has planes，trains and cars.
(E)34.The only people who succeed without hard work are lottery(彩票) winners. You need a “can
do” attitude(态度) and you must work step by step，which will help you get what you really want. You are on the right way to win the success.
(B)35.If you always say someone is successful，it doesn't mean anything to you. Learn from those who have already succeeded in something，especially where they do the same as you want to do.
A．Think big B．Follow the leaders
C．Find the work you love D．Buy lotteries often
E．Be prepared to work hard F．Start small Ⅵ.语法填空。
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的词，或填入括号中所给单词的正确形式(每空不多于3个单词)。
Anne is a newspaper reporter.She chose this __36__ so she could travel around the world.The work has taught her many unforgettable lessons.She has seen wars，earthquakes and death.But she has __37__ seen courage，hope and happiness.
Last year，she won an award(奖) for her reporting in Africa.She was very proud(自豪的) of it.At first，she thought she got the award __38__ of her good work.But then she realized that she should thank many other people for __39__ help.
Anne was born in Jamaica.Her family was not poor，but it was not __40__，either.Her parents had to __41__ hard so that she could go to school.At school，Anne was not a good student, __42__ she enjoyed writing because her English teacher said，“Anne，you are a wonderful __43__(write)．” The teacher encouraged her all the time.
Later，Anne went to university in Canada and then __44__(look) for a job.It was very __45__(difficulty)．Then，one day，she went to see the editor(编辑) of a newspaper in Ottawa.The editor gave her a job.“Everyone needs a chance(机会) at first，” he said.
36．job 37.also 38.because 39.their 40．rich 41.work 42.but 43.writer 44.looked 45.difficult
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