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Unit 9 Saving the earth 一. 单元教学目标
1教材分析 本单元的中心话题为\"拯救地球\"，通过课堂导入引出水污染、空气污染、环境破坏，乱砍乱伐树木等环境问题，围绕这一主题，结合听、说、读、写的训练达到熟悉话题表述，语言熟练应用，能运用所学知识就环境问题展开讨论，在口头上和笔头上阐述自己的观点，达到语言输出的目的。 2. 技能目标Goals
Talk about nature, ecology and the environment Practice supporting an opinion Learn to use inversion(倒装) Write an evaluation paragraph
2. Teaching important points 教学重点:
Let students learn to use the structures of supporting an opinion Example:语法中倒装句的应用 3.Teaching difficult points 教学难点:
How to improve the students’ speaking and listening abilities 4.课时 三课时 二.目标语言
1.功能句式（课文解释完毕之后，总结主要功能句式并让学生造句。） Supporting an opinion ;We must make sure that... I’m all for...; Sure\\Certainly\\Absolutely
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It’s clear that... ; If nothing is done...then... It would be better if we...; Supporting an opinion We must make sure that…;I believe that we must… I can’t imagine that…;Sure / Certainly / Absolutely Is there a better way to…? 2词汇
1>必会词汇(带学生认读，拼写，解释意思，用法，要求学生必须背熟并学会应用。)
Coal煤,, summarize总结, content目录;内容, killer杀手, violence暴力, premier总理, stress强调, equality平等, fairness公平, responsibility责任, willingness心甘情愿, harmony和谐, suffering, unfair不公平的, wipe擦, worldwide野外的, incorrect, affect不真实的, advise劝告 2>认读词汇（带学生朗读认识单词，介绍用法，要求学生做到认识。） Issue问题, environmentalist环境论者, Johannesburg约翰内斯堡, poverty贫困, South Africa南非, car-pooling合伙用车, the World Health Organization(WHO)世界卫生组织
3>词组 （介绍词组用法，教会学生用法并提问要求学生造句，评价学生句子，之处优缺点）
The United Nations联合国, take action采取行动, air conditioner空气调节器, in harmony with与…….协调, wipe out消灭, put an end to结束, advise sb. (not) to do sth劝某人（不）做某事..
4>重点词汇 （单独讲解每一个单词的意思用法，带领学生认读，要
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求学生熟记并会运用到高级句型中，课堂提问造句。） 1. content
1>作名词“内容”，视其具体或抽象而定其可数或不可数 Before buying a book, I look at the table of contents. 我买书以前要先看一下目录。（书的目录通常复数） 2>作形容词解，通常做表语，而不用作“定语”。 Are you content with your work?你对你的工作满意吗？ 2.access n. 接近或进入的方法；……的权利 这个词不能作动词用！常与介词to连用。 The only access to the building is a long muddy track. 进入这座建筑的唯一通道是一条泥泞的小路。 3. harmony n. 协调，融洽
China hopes to live in harmony with her neighbouring countries. 中国希望与她的邻国和睦相处。 4. wipe vt. 擦
He wiped his hands with a towel.他用毛巾擦手。
The entire population was wiped out by the terrible disease.所有居民都被可怕的疾病夺走生命。
5. alternative n. （两者中）选一个 adj. 选其一的 常用于the only alternative唯一选择 have no alternative but…除……以外别无选择 You have the alternative of speaking or keeping quiet.
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你要么发言要么保持沉默。
We had to fight; there was no alternative. 我们必须战斗，此外别无选择。 6. affect vt. 影响；感动；被疾病侵袭 All the people in the room were affected to tears. 屋里的所有人都被感动的流下眼泪。 7. advise vt. 劝告 注意以下表达法： He advised leaving early. 他建议早点出发。 He advised us to leave early.他建议我们早点出发。 后接that从句，须用should + 动词原形 He advised that we (should) leave early. 8. put an end to
Let’s put an end to this quarrel.我们结束这场争吵吧。 We should put an end to the war.我们应结束这场战争。 比较：bring…to an end使……结束 come to an end结束 He brought his lecture to an end around ten o’clock. 他在10点左右结束演讲。 4. 结构
1. Full inversion(倒装): V+S 2. Partial inversion: Aux/Mod+S+V
3. Predicative（表语）Adverbial +as (though)+subject+... verb 5. 重点句子 （课文中的句子均翻译，以下句子除翻译之外分析结构
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句型，找出重点单词，对新句型以及词汇分别举出例子。做辨析并拓展扩大词汇量。）
1>In 1972, the United Nations held a meeting in Stockholm, Sweden to share ideas about ways to take better care of the earth.
1972年，联合国在瑞典斯德哥尔摩召开了一次会议，就如何更好地保护地球的问题交换了意见。 【点拨】1. hold a meeting举行会议
hold vt.举行（会议、仪式）；握住；使身体保持某种姿势；容纳；装；占据；拥有，持有（金钱、土地、职位等） We will hold the next meeting on Saturday afternoon. 下次会议将在星期六下午召开。 Hold yourself still.身体不要动。
The room can hold twenty people.这屋子可容纳20个人。 He holds an important position at the bank. 他在这家银行里担任一个重要的职务。
My husband and I hold conflicting opinions on this matter. 对于这件事，我和丈夫的意见相左。
【辨析】hold down / hold up / hold in / hold out / hold off / hold back / hold on / hold on to
hold down压低，限制，保持（职位）；hold up使停滞，持续，提出，举出；hold in控制，忍住，结束；hold out伸出，提出，坚持，不屈服；hold off保持距离，不接近；hold back阻止（＝keep back）；抑制
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（情感、情绪）（＝hold in, keep back）；hold on坚持，抓牢，忍受住，等待，停止，（打电话时用语）请等一下，不要挂上；hold on to抓紧，不放弃，保持
2>One of the main themes of the summit was “sustainable development”, or the question of how we can continue developing the world without damaging the environment.
峰会的主题之一是“可持续发展”，即如何在不破坏环境的条件下继续发展的问题。
【点拨】1. sustainable adj. keeping in existence; maintaining继续生存；维持；可以忍受的，足可支撑的，养得起的。
【拓展】sustain vt. 支撑，撑住，承受住；供养，维持；继续加强，进行下去；蒙受，遭受；忍受，经受住；证实，证明；确认，认可，准许；恰当地扮演；抵挡。
1）food sufficient to sustain life足够维持生命的食物 2）sustain losses蒙受损失 3）sustain the part of恰当地扮演
4）The sea wall sustains the shock of the waves.海堤能抵挡海浪的冲击。 5）The facts sustained his theory.事实证实了他的理论。
2. continue vi.继续（下去），持续；（指空间）延续，连绵；留，挽留，依旧
1）The battle continued for several hours until darkness came on. 战斗持续了几个小时直到夜幕降临。
2）The forest continues for miles.这树林延续数里。
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3）The habit continued into adult life.这习惯到了成年还保留着。 【辨析】continue to do sth. = continue doing sth. = go on doing sth. = go on with sth.
go on to do sth.接着（原来做的事）去做另一件事
1）We should continue to improve our work.我们需不断改善工作。 2）He continued working at the problem.他持续解答那道难题。 3）Will you continue gardening after dinner? 饭后你继续干花园的活，好吗？
4）After she finished her maths homework, she went on to do her English homework.她做完数学作业以后，接着去做英语作业。
【拓展】go on doing / continue to do (doing) / go on to do / go on with / keep doing / keep on doing
均可表示“继续做某事，反复做某事”，可互换，只是keep on更加强调时间的间隔性和动作的反复性，及某人做某事的决心。若表示某一连续不断的动作，或某一动作的持续状态，只宜用keep doing。若表示今后或将来继续做某事，则只宜用keep on doing。 1）He kept on working until midnight though he was tired. 2）The boy kept / kept on asking some silly questions in class. 3）She kept waving to her husband until he was out of sight.
3. 20% of the people on earth do not have access to clean drinking water. 世界上20%的人口喝不到清洁的饮用水。
【点拨】1. on earth adj. & adv. （口语）在地上的，在今世的（加
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强最高级的含意）；究竟，到底（加强疑问句） 1）I am the luckiest man on earth.我是世上最幸运的人。 2）What on earth is the matter there?那里究竟发生了什么事？ 3）Where on earth can he be?他到底在哪儿呢？
【拓展】earth n.地球；大地，地上；土，土壤；人类；在地球上居住的人类；（电气用具的）接地（put to earth接地）；地线（earth wire地线）；洞，穴；vt. 接地线；培土
The earth goes round the sun once a year.地球一年绕太阳一周。 The earth received the news with joy.全世界人们都为这消息欢呼。 Is your TV set properly earthed?你的电视机接好地线了吗？ He earthed up the rose.他给玫瑰培土。
4. Among the speakers was China's then Premier Zhu Rongji, who stressed the need for equality and fairness in the world.
与会演讲者中有中国当时的总理朱镕基。他强调了世界范围内的平等与公正。
【点拨】这是倒装句，主语后有定语从句修饰，为使句子平衡采用. among prep. （= amongst）（表示位置）被……环绕；（环抱）在……之间；（与复数名词、代词或集合名词连用）其中之一，其中有，包括在……内（主要指三个或更多的人或物之中）；（后接最高级形容词）……之一；（与反身代词themselves，ourselves和yourselves连用）自行；互相，在……中间
a village among hills群山环抱的村庄 from among从……中
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among ourselves严守秘密，只可你我知道 one among a thousand千里挑一的人 You are only one among many who need help. 你不过是许多需要帮助的人之一。
【辨析】among prep. 主要指三个或更多的人或物之中，句中表示“……中的一个”、“……（其中）之一”，是介词，后面除跟序数词外，还可以跟形容词最高级。between prep.主要指三个或更多的人或物之中；amid（= amidst）prep. surrounded by被……包围；in the middle of在……中间
Beijing is among the greatest cities in China.北京是中国最大城市之一。 He was brave amid all dangers.他在各种危险中总是勇敢的。 5. Conferences like the Earth Summit help people understand that there exist serious problems and that there is still time to take action. 像地球峰会这样的会议有助于人们了解所存在的严重问题，以及人们仍有足够的时间去采取行动。 【点拨】take action采取行动 【辨析】act / action / deed
都指“行为；行动”。但act是可数名词，主要指具体的、短暂的、个体的行为，往往是一种完成了的“行为”；action主要指抽象的，时间较长的，包括较多活动的行为，一般指进行中的行为。口语中，act，action可表示“所做的事”；deed可指任何大小行动，有时与act相近，但更多地被用来指大的，显示才干的行为，即“业绩，事迹”，deed，action常
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与words相对应，act常与thought相对应，注意下列说法：take free / similar action采取自由 / 类似行动（无冠词）。
1）That was an act of kindness.那是善良的行为。（动作完成） 2）He was caught in the act of stealing.他在行窃时被当场抓住。 3）Their action was unselfish.他的行为是无私的。（此行为指某事正在进行）
4）We have had enough talk. It is now time for action.我们已经谈的足够多了，现在是行动的时候了。
6. Not until we know more will we be able to improve the situation. 我们只有了解更多，才能去改善环境。
【点拨】当具有否定意义的副词或连词（hardly , little , never , not , seldom , at no time , no sooner , not once , not until等）置于句首时，句子（主句）使用倒装语序，即：助动词 / 系动词 / 情态动词＋句子（主句）主语＋谓语。
Not until he finished his homework did he leave. 直到完成家庭作业，他才离开。
7. A better understanding of the environment is necessary , as is the willingness to act.
更好地了解环保是必要的，行动的愿望也是必要的。
【点拨】本句中as作为关系代词代表前面主句的意思，与so的用法相同。
1）He is a patriot, as are his brothers.
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他是一个爱国者，他的兄弟们也是一样。
2）He believed, as did his family , that you were telling the truth. 他和全家人一样，相信你说的是实话。
【拓展】1. as 和which都可以作为关系代词，代表主句的意思，有时很相似，但as 有“正如”的意思，且位置灵活，即可放在句首、句中，也可位于句末，而which则不可以。
1）Her performance was wonderful , as we had expected. 正如我们所预料的那样，她的表演非常精彩。 2）As is known to all , China is a developing country. 众所周知，中国是一个发展中国家。
【拓展】2. as conj.（表示方式）像，按照，如同；（表示时间）当……的时候，一边……一边，随着；（表示原因）因为，既然；（表示结果和目的）以至于，以便；（表示让步）虽然，尽管 Leave it as it is.保持原状，不要动它。 She sang as she worked.她一边工作一边唱歌。
Rich as he is , hi is not happy.虽然他很富，但他并不幸福。
8. With better education , people will be able to build a better society in harmony with nature and perhaps put an end to the death and suffering caused by the big three.
教育改善后，人们建立起一个与自然更和谐的美好社会，就可能消灭由三大公害带来的死亡与痛苦。
【点拨】1. with prep. 和……一起；带有……的心情、态度等；有；
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Misery acquaints men with strange bedfellows.（谚）落难时不择伙伴。 You must do the work with more care.你工作要再细心些。
The diamond shone with every hue under the sun.金刚石在阳光下放出五颜六色的光芒。
【拓展】fight with sb. 与某人打架；to compete with与……竞争；at peace with与……和睦相处；patient with对……要耐心；excite with因……兴奋；smile with pleasure高兴地微笑着；with the state of national economy so serious国民经济如此严峻；to vote with sb.赞成 三．Homework
Please interview some people to see whether the coal should be used and write it down.
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