八下物理

单词:

shoot(shot/shot) v.射击 shoot sth.射中某物 shoot at sth.向某物射击、瞄准

remind v.提醒；使想起 remind sb. of sb./sth.使某人想起某人/某物 remind sb. to do sth.提醒某人做某事

turn/change„into„把„变成„ turn/change the liquid into gas把这种液体变成气体 hide(hid/hidden) v.隐藏 hide sth. from sb.藏起某物不让某人发现

stick(stuck/stuck) v.插入；坚持；n.棍子 stick…into…把…插入… stick to do坚持(执意)做 fall in love with sb.爱上某人 若接持续时间，用be in love with sb. for sometime

get married to sb.与某人结婚 同理，若接持续时间，用be married to sb. for sometime marry sb.娶某人；嫁给某人(不用介词)

nobody pron.没有人 句型: -Who…? –Nobody/No one. –How many…? –None. cheat v.欺骗 cheat sb.欺骗某人 cheat on sb.对某人不忠 whole adj.全部的 all the day=the whole day一整天 shine(shone/shone) v.照耀 shine warmly/bright(ly)

lead(led/led) v.带路；领导 lead sb. to sp.带某人去某地 lead sb. to do sth.领导某人做某事 brave adj.勇敢的 be brave to do sth.勇于做某事

课文知识要点:

Journey to the West《西游记》 a trip/journey to sp.

It doesn’t seem very possible to move a mountain.形式主语，seem是系动词 for the first time第一次

main character主角 Chinese character汉字

This is [because he can make 72 changes to his shape and size, turning himself into different animals and objects.] because引导表语从句，turning…作同位语 become interested in doing sth.开始对做某事感兴趣

think of ways想办法 all over the world全世界 fairy tale童话

leave sb.+地点 把某人留在某地 leave sth.+地点 把某物放在某地 leave sp. to sp.离开…去… (make a plan) to do sth.(制定)计划做某事

along the way沿途 be lost=get lost=lose one’s way迷路 find one’s way out找到出路 no more(数量)=not…any more no longer(时间)=not…any longer change one’s mind改变某人的主意 make a change做改变 All he can see is her underwear. 主语从句

短文:

Yu Gong Moves a Mountain

Once upon a time, there was a very old man. There were two mountains near his house. They were so high and big that it took a long time to walk to the other side. The old man told his family that they should all help him to move the mountains.Yu Gong said they could put all the earth and stones from the mountains into the sea because it’s big enough to hold everything. So they all started digging the next day. One day, a man saw Yu Gong and his children when they were working on moving the mountains. He told Yu Gong that he could never do it because he was old

and weak. As soon as the man finished talking,Yu Gong said that his family could continue to move the mountains after he died. His family would live and grow, but the mountains could not get bigger. So Yu Gong and his family kept on digging day after day and year after year.Finally,a god was so moved by Yu Gong that he sent two gods to take the mountains away.

The Emperor’s New Clothes

This story is about an emperor who loved clothes. He. loved buying and looking at his beautiful clothes. Two brothers came to the city to make special clothes for the emperor. But the emperor had to give them silk and gold. The brothers kept everything for themselves and told the emperor that people couldn’t see the clothes unless they were clever. When the emperor looked at

himself, he only saw his underwear. But he didn’t want people to think he was stupid, so he said his new clothes were very beautiful. He walked through the city wearing his new clothes. Nobody wanted to sound stupid, so everyone said his new clothes were wonderful. but suddenly a young boy shouted,“Look! The emperor isn’t wearing any clothes!”

第七单元知识点

单词:

deep adj.深的 deeply(感情)深地 depth深度

desert n.沙漠 dessert(重音符号在第二个音节)甜品

population n.人口 What’s the population/price of.. …的人口有多少 large/big/small population 人口多/少 feel free to do sth.(可以)随便做某事

tour n.旅游(往返) tourist n.旅客 touristy adj.适宜游览的 tourism n.旅游业 protect v.保护 protection n.保护 protect…from/against…保护…使其免受伤害 achieve v.达到；完成 achievement n.成就 achieve one’s dream=one’s dream comes true实现某人的梦想

include v.包括 including prep.包括… included adj.包括在内的，作后置定语 freezing adj.极冷的；冰冻的 freeze(froze/frozen) v.使冰冻 frozen adj.冰冻的

condition n.状况 in good/bad condition处于良好/糟糕状态 out of condition健康状况不好 succeed v.成功 succeed in doing sth.成功做某事

force n.力量；v.迫使 force sb. to do sth.迫使某人做某事 be forced to do sth.被迫做某事 even though=even if即使；虽然

weigh v.称…的重量 weigh sb.给某人称重 He weighs 50 kilos.=He is 50 kilos in weight. at birth出生时 be born出生 up to至多有 up to now到目前为止 walk into sb.走路时撞到某人

fall over绊倒(向前摔倒) fall off从…摔下来 fall down跌倒；坠落 or so大约=around=about

wild adj.野生的 get wild发疯 drive/get sb. wild让某人发疯

课文知识要点:

1.一个范围内的两个事物比较用“比较级+any other+单数名词”

例:He is taller than any other student in the class=He is the tallest in the class. 2. 比较对象不在同一范围或不属同一类，则不用other 例:Shanghai is larger than any city in India.

3. 形容词、副词的比较级+than the other+复数名词的结构也表达最高级含义 Asia is bigger than the other continents on the earth.

4.修饰比较级的词语:much, a little, a lot,even,still

5.当比较级后有of the two之类的短语，比较级前要加the 6.倍数+more…than…或as many/much as…

例:There are 4 times more books in our library than in yours. There is 3 times as much water in this cup as in that cup.

What’s the weight of…? -…weigh(s) X kilos./…is X kilos in weight. -What’s the size of…? -…is X square meters in size.

every two years每两年，每隔一年 every few+名词复数 每隔几…

句子:

As far as I know, there are no other man made objects as big as this.

The Himalayas run along the southwestern part of china. Of all the mountains,Qomolangma rises the highest and is the most famous.

Thick clouds cover the top and snow can fall very hard.

Even more serious difficulties include freezing weather conditions and heavy storms.

The spirit of the climbers shows us that we should never give up trying to achieve our dreams. Pandas have become so popular that they are now a symbol of China.

As the forests get smaller and other human activities cause more problems,pandas cannot find enough to eat and they are having fewer babies.

They sent people to the schools to tell children about the importance of saving these animals. When the babies see the keepers, they run over to them with excitement and some of them even walk in to their friends and fall over.

第八单元知识点

单词:

treasure n.财富(C)，珠宝(U) jewelry珠宝(C) be full of=be filled with充满

classic n.名著 famous works名著

hurry v./n. in a hurry慌忙地 hurry up赶快 hurry out忙着出去 hurry off匆忙离开 hurry into冲进来

due adj.预期 be due to do sth.预定要做某事 be due+时间/地点 预期到… due to由于

mark n.迹象，分数；v.做记号，打分 full mark满分 land n.陆地；v.着陆 motherland祖国

technology n.技术 technical adj. 技术上的

pop流行音乐 rock摇滚音乐 country music乡村音乐

abroad adv.在国外；到国外 broad adj.宽阔的 board n.甲板 go board上车、船、飞机 one another=each other互相

belong to属于(无被动语态和进行时态) belong in/on/under sp.应该放在某地 record n.唱片，记录；v.录制

introduce v.介绍 introduce sb./oneself to sb.把某人(自己)介绍给某人 line n.线，行，排 line up排队 wait in line排队等候

课文知识要点:

现在完成时，肯定句中用already，否定句中用yet lose one’s life失去生命 leave…behind遗留…下来

fight over…with sb.与某人争论、作对 think about…back回想起 on the radio通过收音机 sing live现场演唱

若时间状语由for, since引导，则用延续性动词 Leave/go buy die begin Be away have Be dead Be on come borrow join finish Be here/ be in keep Be in/a member of Be over 句子:

She came to realize how much he actually missed all of his family and friends. Country is a traditional kind of music from the southern states of America.

Many songs these days are just about modern life in the US, such as the importance of money and success, but not about belonging to a group.

Country music brings us back to the “good old days” when people were kind to each other and trusted one another.

There are also always a lot of great country music concerts with famous musicians and singers. Ever since then, she has been a fan of American country music.

Sally looks at the many books she hasn’t read yet and she can’t wait to read them. I’ve brought back many things I can use---food and drink, tools knives and guns. It’s about a boy who goes out to sea and finds an island full of treasures.

第九单元知识点

单词:

amusement n.娱乐；游戏 amusement park游乐场

invent v.发明 invention n.发明 inventor n.发明家 An inventor may invent many inventions. unbelievable adj.难以置信的 it’s unbelievable that… 对…感到难以置信 disbelieve v.不相信 progress v./n.进步，进展（U） make (great) progress取得(很大的)进步 rapid adj.迅速的 a rapid stream迅疾的小溪

encourage v.鼓励 encouragement n.鼓励 courage n.勇气 encourage sb. to do sth.鼓励某人做某事 encourage sb. in…在某方面鼓励某人 social adj.社会的 society n.社会

performance n.表演 perform v.表演 performer n.演员

perfect adj.完美的 perfectly adv. 完美地 Practice makes perfect.熟能生巧 safe adj.安全的 safety n.安全 safely adv.安全地 simply adv.仅仅；只

fear v./n.害怕 fear (to do) sth.害怕(去做)某事 with fear害怕地 be afraid/scared of…害怕... whether conj.不管…；或者…；是否(≈if)

注意: 1. whether引导的从句常可以与连词or或or not直接连用，而if不能。 2. 当宾语从句提到句首时，只能用whether引导，而不能用if。（不管…还是） 3. whether可以引导带to的不定式，if则不能。

4. whether及其引导的成分可放于介词之后，作介词的宾语，但if不能。

whenever conj.无论何时=no matter when 类似地，whatever=no matter what 等等 mostly adv.主要地

location n.地点，位置 locate v. 定位

on the one hand…on the other hand…一方面…另一方面…

课文知识要点:

主要知识点:have been to与have gone to的区别 (已经去过了) (去了没回)

※have been in…待在这儿(多长时间了)，通常与for, since连用 Me, too 表示“我也是”Me, neither表示 “我也不是”。与so+助动词/情态动词的肯定式+I 和 neither+助动词/情态动词的肯定式+I 可互换。 lead to导致

think about=think of考虑，思考 think over仔细考虑

I wonder how much more computers will be able to do in the future. 翻译:我想知道在未来计算机还能做多少更多的事

句子可分为三个部分，见下划线。How much more是一个整体，表示“多少更多的…” I’ve never been camping. 本句用到了现在完成进行时，强调过程，也带有感情色彩。 put up a tent搭帐篷 put u0p 有搭建的意思 hear of=hear about听说

英语中分数的表达:分子用基数词，分母用序数词。若分子大于一，分母的序数词要变复数 作文句式:One great thing about…is that… This is why/because… have problems (in) doing sth.费力做某事

现在完成时的标志：alreadj,just,yet,ever,never,three times,so far,before,these days, in the past/last ten years等

句子:

I learnt a lot about the inventions that led to color movies, too.

It’s unbelievable that technology has progressed in such a rapid way.

I just couldn’t believe my eyes when I saw so many different kinds of toilets there.

It encourages governments and social groups to think about ways to improve toilets in the future. The tea art performances show how to make a perfect cup of tea with beautiful tea sets. Watching the tea preparation is just as enjoyable as drinking the tea itself.

For thousands of tourists from China, this small island in Southeast Asia is a wonderful and safe place to take a holiday.

Singapore is an English-speaking country, so it’s a good place to practice your English.

Whether you like Indian food, Western food or Japanese food, you’ll find it all in Singapore. If you go to see the lions, tigers or foxes during the daytime, they’ll probably be asleep.

At the Night Safari, you can watch these animals in a more natural environment than in a normal zoo.

One great thing about Singapore is that the temperature is almost the same all year round. you can choose to go whenever you like. And it’s not too far from China.

第十单元知识点

单词:

yard n.院子 school yard校园 yard sale庭院拍卖会 have a yard sale on sale打折销售 for sale待售

memory n.记忆(U)；回忆(C) memorize v.记住

check v./n.检查，审查;n.支票 check in登记，报到 check out察看；观察；检验 junior high school初中 senior high school高中 clear out清扫；丢掉 clean up打扫干净

no longer=not…any longer不再…(强调持续时间) no more=not…anymore/any more不再…(强调动作)

own v.拥有 on one’s own独自地 of one’s own属于…

part v.离开，分开 part with放弃、交出(不舍得的东西) e.g. We parted at the bus stop. certain adj.某种；确定的 be certain to do sth.一定去做某事 be certain of sth.对…有把握 as for至于(通常带有感情色彩) as to对于 while n.一会儿 for a while after a while

honest adj.诚实的 honesty n.诚实 dishonest v.不诚实 to be honest说实在的 search v./n.搜索，搜查 search for寻找，搜寻 = in search of 寻找…

shame n.羞耻，羞愧 to one’s shame另某人羞愧的是 with shame(作状语) a sense of shame羞愧的感觉 what a shame多么羞愧/遗憾啊

regard v.把…视为；看待 regard…as=be regarded as…把…当做 consider v.考虑 consider doing sth.

hold v.拥有，抓住 hold on别挂电话 hold one’s breath屏住呼吸 hold up举起

课文知识要点:

现在完成时中，如果时间状语是由since或for引导的，那么短暂性动词要变为持续性动词。 open be open get up be up for a year=since a year ago

in need 在危难中 A friend in need is a friend indeed.患难见真情 give away捐赠 You can give old things away to people in need.

Many people like Zhong Wei regard with great interest how their hometowns have changed. 看待，关注 stay the same一成不变

句子:

We have decided to each sell five things that we no longer use. He slept next to the monkey every night when he was a child.

My daughter was more understanding, although she also felt sad to part with certain toys. They miss their hometown a lot and hope to visit the place next year.

Nowadays, millions of Chinese le4ave the countryside to search for work in the cities. With a hard job in a crayon factory, he doesn’t find much time to visit his hometown.

In many places, the government has also built new schools and sent teachers from the cities to help.

Children have learned to read and count at my old primary school since the mid-20th century. He thinks such developments are good, and he also knows that his hometown cannot always stay the same.

Most of the children in my time liked to play together under the big tree opposite the school, especially during the summer holidays. It was a happy childhood. Our hometown has left many soft and sweet memories in our hearts.