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一、八年级英语上册语法填空专项练习（含答案解析）
1．阅读下面短文,在空白处填入一个适当的词，或填入括号中所给单词的正确形式（最多限填3个单词）。
Marie Kondo is good at organizing（整理）. Although she is not a popular star or a young actress, she. ________ （become） very famous in the world. She has written some________ on organizing. In her books, Marie says that if you hope to spend________ （little） time on housework, you should make things right ________ first. She tells people not to keep things by season. She also thinks we can do housework ________ （cheap） without spending a lot of money. For example, she asks people not to ________ money on expensive organizing boxes. She was ________ （interest） in organizing when she was young. As a little girl, ________ of her hobbies was to read books about organizing. In school, she cleaned up bookshelves while her classmates were having a, ________（wonder） time in P. E. classes.
Some people don't think her ideas ________ right. However, she has a large number of fans. She has made many speeches on TV. And someone made a movie about her life stories. And she is very famous now.
【答案】 becomes；books；less；at；cheaply；spend；interested；one；wonderful；are 【解析】【分析】主要讲了Marie Kondo擅长整理。
（1）句意：尽管她不是一个受欢迎的明星或者年轻的女演员，但是她在世界上是非常著名的。时态是一般现在时，主语是she，所以become用becomes，故填becomes。 （2）句意：她已经写了一些关于整理的书。根据后句In her books在她的书里，可知是写了一些书，书用book，可数名词，some修饰可数名词复数或者不可数名词，所以book用books，故填books。
（3）句意：在她的书里，Marie说如果你希望花费更少的时间做家务，你应该首先让事情条理。与之前相比时间更少，所以用little的比较级less；at first起初，固定搭配，故填less，at。
（4）句意：她也认为我们可以不花费许多钱便宜地做家务。副词修饰实义动词，do是实义动词，所以用形容词cheap的副词cheaply，故填cheaply。
（5）句意：例如，它让我们不要花费金钱在昂贵的整理箱上。spend+金钱+on sth.，花费金钱在某物上，固定搭配，故填on。
（6）句意：当她非常小时，她对整理感兴趣。be interested in，对……感兴趣，固定搭配，故填interested。
（7）句意：作为一个小女孩，她的爱好之一是读关于整理的书。one of+可数名词复数，表示......之一，固定搭配，故填one。
（8）句意：在学校，当她的同学正在体育课上玩得高兴时她打扫书橱。形容词修饰名词，time是名词，所以用动词wonder的形容词wonderful，故填wonderful。
（9）句意：一些人不认为她的想法是正确的。时态是一般现在时，主语是复数ideas，所以be用are，故填are。
【点评】考查语法填空，考查词汇在语篇中的运用能力。注意理解句意，首先读一遍，然
后再逐一作答。注意句型、搭配、短语及语境。
2．阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的词，或填入括号中所给单词的正确形式（最多限填3个单词）。
Did you watch that popular TV drama A Smile Is Beautiful《微微一笑很倾城》last summer vacation? Yang Yang, 26, plays ________ important role in it. He plays a handsome and smart college student who is good at ________（play） computer games. Many people think Yang is the right person ________the role. First, Yang has good looks and a nice smile. Second, he ________likes to swim and play computer games, just like the role. ________ it doesn't mean he is not good at acting.
Yang always says, \"I like to compete with ________ （I）. \"Now, Yang is one of the ________ （famous） actors in China. People like to call him \"Little Fresh Meat\". At the end of the year 2015, Yang ________ （win） \"The Most Influential（有影响力的） TV Actor\" He worked with many stars, ________ as Zheng Shuang, Deng Chao and Liu Yifei. They all think he tries his best in everything. \"If he feels his acting is not good enough, he will ask to try it again. He can't be ________（serious）,\"Su Youpeng, director of movie The Left Ear（《左耳》, said in a talk show.
【答案】 an；playing；for；also；But；myself；most famous；won；such；more serious 【解析】【分析】大意：本文讲述杨阳的一些个人基本情况，他长得帅，喜欢游泳和玩电子游戏，在2015年末赢得了最有影响力的电视演员。
（1）句意：26岁的杨阳在里面扮演了一个很重要的角色。此处泛指一个角色，且important以元音音素开头，用an，故填an。
（2）句意：他扮演里一个英俊聪明擅长玩电子游戏的大学生。play玩，动词，be good at doing sth，擅长做某事，故填playing。
（3）句意：很多人认为阳是符合这个角色的最佳人选。引出要介绍的人，用for，对于，介词，符合题意，故填for。
（4）句意：像他扮演的角色一样，他也喜欢游泳和玩电子游戏。分析句子，可知句子完整，缺少状语，also也，副词，作状语，符合题意，故填also。
（5）句意：但是这不意味着他不擅长表演。前后句是转折关系，用but，但是，位于句首首字母大写，故填But。
（6）句意：阳总是说，“我喜欢和我自己比赛。”主语和宾语是同一人，宾语用反身代词，I我，其反身代词用myself，我自己，符合题意，故填myself。
（7）句意：现在，阳是中国最著名的演员之一。one of+the+形容词最高级+名词复数，表示……之一，famous著名的，形容词，这是一个多音节形容词，其比较级只需在其前加most的构成，most famous最著名的，符合题意，故填most famous。
（8）句意：在2015年末，阳赢得了最有影响力的电视演员。描述过去发生的事情，用一般过去时，win赢得，动词，其过去式是won，故填won。
（9）句意：他和许多明星一起工作，例如张爽，邓超和刘亦菲。用于举例，且结合as，可知用such as，例如，介词短语，符合题意，故填such。
（10）句意：他不能更严肃了。此处表示他最严肃认真，用否定词+比较级表示最高级，
serious严肃的，其比较级是more serious，符合题意，故填more serious。
【点评】考查语法填空。首先理解文章大意，答题的过程中，注意考虑句型、语法、搭配、语境等因素，最后得出正确的答案。
3．阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的词，或填入括号中所给单词的正确形式（最多限填3个单词）。
In 1990, when I ________ nine years old, I wanted very much to find ________pen pal, I found Ashley's address in a magazine, and decided ________ （write） to her.
I sent off my letter with a little hope. Very quickly, I received her letter.________ my surprise, Ashley was only one month ________ （old） than me, I learned some new expressions from her. ________（real） liked this new friend.
Letter after letter, year after year, Ashley and I continued to write to one another. A letter would be received and I'd write back right, away. We would send each other birthday and Christmas ________ （gift）.
Eight years later, my parents decided it was time ________ me to meet this friend. They drove me down to Mississippi for a few days. We ________ （have） a fun time together. We did the things that teenage girls love to do.
Twenty-five years after the ________ （one） litter, Ashley and I still have an amazing friendship.
Although we don't write letters now, we communicate through mobile phones and the Internet. 【答案】 was；a；to write；To；older；really；gifts；for；had；first
【解析】【分析】主要讲了作者在1990年想找到一个笔友，之后找到了笔友Ashley，并且现在一直通过手机和因特网联系。
（1）句意：在1990年，当我9岁时，我想发现一个笔友。表达某人几岁用主语+be+基数词，时态是一般过去时，主语是I，所以用was；pal是单数名词，pen以辅音音素开头，所以用a，故填was，a。
（2）句意：我在杂志上发现Ashley的地址，决定写信给她。decide to do sth.决定做某事，固定搭配，故填to write。
（3）句意：令我惊讶的是，Ashley仅仅比我大一个月。to one's surprise令某人惊讶的是，固定搭配，than是比较级标志词，was后面用形容词，所以用形容词的比较级，old大的，形容词，其比较级是older，故填To，older。
（4）句意：我真喜欢这个新朋友。副词修饰实义动词，liked是实义动词，所以用形容词real的副词really，真地，故填really。
（5）句意：我们总是相互送生日和圣诞节礼物。gift礼物，可数名词，前面没有表示单数的a或者one，所以用复数gifts，故填gifts。
（6）句意：8年后，我父母决定对于我来说是时候见见这个朋友了。it+be+time for sb. to do sth.对于某人来说到了做某事的时间了，固定搭配，故填for。
（7）句意：我们一起玩得高兴。时态是一般过去时，所以have用过去式had，故填had。
（8）句意：在第一胎出生25年后，我和艾希礼仍然有着惊人的友谊。the后面用序数
词，one是基数词，其序数词是first，故填first。
【点评】考查语法填空，考查词汇在语篇中的运用能力。注意理解句意，首先读一遍，然后再逐一作答。注意句型、搭配、短语及语境。
4．阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的词，或填入括号中所给单词的正确形式（最多限填3个单词）。
Our clothes will become small when we are older. We won't use________（some） books or toys anymore. What will you do ________ these old things? Don't worry! Here's a good way. Online. ________ （shop） will help you. Online shopping is becoming more________ more popular now.
We can bid竟价） for the different goods（商品;货物） online, such as ________ （book）, dolls, clothing and used cars. We can spend less money________better goods. We can________ sell the things well through the Internet. ________are many world online market places on the Internet. If we want________ （buy） or sell something online, we must become the member of one of________（they） first.
Let's buy and sell things online. Let's have a great time online.
【答案】 any；with；shopping；and；books；on；also；There；to buy；them
【解析】【分析】文章大意：主要介绍网购的优点——可以用更少的钱买更好的东西，以及网购的必备条件——成为他们的会员。
（1）句意：我们还有一些再也不用的书和玩具。some，一些，不定代词；在否定句中要用any，故填any。
（2）句意：你要怎么处理这些旧东西？固定短语do with，处理，处置，故填with。 （3）句意：网上购物对你有帮助。shop，购物，动词。分析句式结构可知此句需要一个主语，要用动名词形式，故填shopping。
（4）句意：现在网上购物越来越流行了。popular，流行的，形容词，其比较级是more popular。比较级用and来连接表示越来越……，故填and。
（5）句意：我们可以在网上竞购不同的商品，如书籍、洋娃娃、服装和二手车。book，书籍，可数名词，常用复数形式表示，故填books。
（6）句意：我们可以花更少的钱买更好的商品。固定短语sb spend some money on sth，某人花费金钱买某物，故填on。
（7）句意：我们也可以通过网络把东西卖的很好。根据上文语句We can spend less money on better goods. 提示可知，不仅在网上买东西，也可以卖东西，故填also。 （8）句意：在网上有许多网店。考查there be结构，表示某处有某物，故填There。 （9）句意：如果我们想在网上买东西或卖东西，我们必须先成为其中的一员。buy，购买，动词。固定短语want to do sth，故填to buy。they，他们，人称代词主格；of是介词，其后跟人称代词要用宾格形式，故填them。
【点评】考查语法填空。通读全文理解大意，然后根据上下文或者所给单词的提示对所缺部分进行逐一解答。
5．阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的词，或填入括号中所给单词的正确形式（最多限填3个单词）。
To make her 100th birthday exciting and special, South African woman Harwood had a skydive（跳伞） in the air, ________ skydive was not enough for her, She wanted to make it even more exciting by doing a shark cage dive（潜水）.
With the help ________another person, she made the jump on Saturday near the north of Cape Town. 15 family ________（member） and friends in group of three were also in the air with Harwood. ________（wear） a red jumpsuit（跳伞服），Harwood looked very young. She said it was ________（wonder） to see all the others around her. And this was her________（three） skydive. She did her first when she was 92 years old.
Then, she decided ________（finish） her another wish- -doing a shark dive. It was much more nervous than skydive, even young________（man） were afraid of doing that. At that day, she ________（go） into a cage, and the workers put the cage in the water with fish meat around it. When sharks smelt the fish, they would open ________big mouths and eat the fish, meat. It was really dangerous.
【答案】 but；of；members；Wearing；wonderful；third；to finish；men；went；their 【解析】【分析】本文介绍了年迈的Harwood仍然对世界充满了好奇，不断挑战自己去跳伞，潜水。
（1）句意： 为了让她的100岁生日激动人心和特别，南非妇女哈伍德进行了跳伞运动（跳伞）在空中，但是一次跳伞对她来说是不够的。根据skydive was not enough for her， 一次跳伞对她来说是不够的和make it even more exciting 让它更令人兴奋可知，此处表示转折，故用转折连词but，但是 ， 故填but。
（2）句意： 在另一个人的帮助下，她于周六在开普敦北部附近跳了起来。with the help of，在……的帮助下，固定搭配，故填of。
（3）句意： 15名三人一组的家庭成员和朋友也与哈伍德在一起。基数词15后是名词复数 ， 故填members。
（4）句意： 穿着红色跳伞服，哈伍德看起来很年轻。looked是谓语，故此处是非谓语动词，wear与harwood是主动关系，故用现在分词做状语 ， 故填Wearing。
（5）句意： 她说看到她周围的其他人真是令人惊奇。was是系动词其后是形容词，wonder是动词，wonderful是形容词，故填wonderful。
（6）句意： 这是她第三次跳伞。根据her是限定词可知，此处是序数词，three是基数词，其序数词是third，第三的 ， 故填third。
（7）句意： 然后，她决定完成她的另一个愿望—潜水。decide to do，固定搭配，决定做某事，故此处是不定式，故填to finish。
（8）句意： 这比跳伞要紧张得多，甚至连年轻人都害怕这样做。根据were可知主语是名词复数，man的复数是men ， 故填men。
（9）句意： 那天，她走进一个笼子，工人们把笼子放在水里，周围有鱼肉。根据 At that day，可知时态是一般过去时，go的过去式是went ， 故填went。
（10）句意： 当鲨鱼闻到鱼的味道时，它们会张开他们的嘴吃鱼和肉。这真的很危险。
mouths是名词其前是形容词性物主代词，主语是they，故用their，它们的 ， 故填their。 【点评】考查语法填空，注意谓语的时态非谓语动词，连词搭配等多种用法。
6．语法填空
Students these days often have a lot of ________ （worry）. Sometimes they have problems with their schoolwork, and sometimes with their friends. What can they do about this? Some people believe the ________（bad） thing is to do nothing. Laura Mills,________ teenager from London, agrees. \"Problems are normal in life,\" says Laura. \"But I think talking to someone helps a lot. Unless we talk to someone, we'll certainly feel worse.\"
Laura once lost her wallet and she ________ （be） afraid to tell her parents about it. She worried for days and didn't know ________ to solve the problem. She even walked three miles to school each day because she didn't have ________ （some） money. She just kept thinking, \"________I tell my parents, they'll be angry!\"________（final）, she talked to her parents and they were really ________（understand）. They got her a new wallet and asked her to be more careful. \"I will always remember to share my problems in the future!\" Laura says. Her dad said he sometimes made careless mistakes ________ （him）.
【答案】 worries；worst；a；was；how；any；If；Finally；understanding；himself 【解析】【分析】主要讲了当我们遇到问题时应该学会和他人交流。
（1）句意：现在的学生经常有许多担心。a lot of修饰可数名词复数，worry的复数是worries，故填worries。
（2）句意：一些人认为最糟糕的事情是无所事事。the+最高级，bad的最高级是worst，故填worst。
（3）句意：Laura Mills——一个来自伦敦的青少年，同意。teenager是单数，以辅音音素开头，所以用a，故填a。
（4）句意：她害怕告诉她的父母关于它。时态是一般过去时，主语是she，所以用was，故填was。
（5）句意：她担心了几天，并且不知道怎样解决这个问题。根据句意可知是不知道怎样解决，所以用how，故填how。
（6）句意：因为她没有钱。句子是否定句，所以用any，故填any。
（7）句意：如果我告诉我的父母，他们将是生气的。根据句意可知前句表示假设，即如果，所以用if，故填If。
（8）句意：最后，她和她的父母交流。根据句意可知是最后finally，故填Finally。 （9）句意：他们真地是善解意义的。be+形容词，understand的形容词是understanding，故填understanding。
（10）句意：她爸爸说他有时自己也犯粗心的错误。根据句意可知是爸爸自己也犯错误，所以用him的反身代词himself，故填himself。
【点评】考查语法填空，考查词汇在语篇中的运用能力。注意理解句意，首先读一遍，然后再逐一作答。注意句型、搭配、短语及语境。
7．阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的词，或填入括号中所给单词的正确形式。 One day Mrs. Green took her child Tom to go shopping. They ________（go） to the supermarket in the shopping mall.
\"________do you buy things here, Mom?\" Tom asked. \"Because the things here are ________ （cheap） than those in other stores,\" Mrs. Green said, \"Help me check the prices.\" The Greens ________（be） not rich, so Mrs. Green was always careful to spend the money. She looked ________（careful） at the prices of the things. She bought many ________（kind） of things there.
When they got home, Tom said, \"I don't think you saved money by ________（go） to the supermarket there.\" \"Of course I did,\" said Mrs. Green. \"Everything was cheaper there.\" \"Yes,\" said the child, \"________we must take the taxi home because we had too many things ________（carry）. The cost of the taxi was more ________the money you saved!\" Then Mrs. Green added everything up and found her child was right. \"Well done,\" she said. \"Next time we will do shopping near our home.
【答案】 went；Why；cheaper；were；carefully；kinds；going；but；to carry；than 【解析】【分析】主要讲了为了省钱，格林夫人去远点的购物商场购物，结果坐出租车回家，儿子发现其实这样不省钱，以后格林夫人便从离家近的商场购物。
（1）句意：他们去购物商场去购物。时态是一般过去时，所以用过去式went，故填went。
（2）句意：你为什么在这里买东西，妈妈？根据后句可知是原因，所以前句是用why提问，故填Why。
（3）句意：因为这里的东西比其他商店里的东西更便宜。than是比较级标志词，所以cheap用比较级cheaper，故填cheaper。
（4）句意：格林一家不富裕。时态是一般过去时，主语the Greens表示复数，所以用were，故填were。
（5）句意：她仔细地看着价格。looked是实义动词。副词修饰实义动词，careful是形容词，其副词是carefully，故填carefully。
（6）句意：她从那里买了许多种类的东西。many修饰可数名词复数，kind的复数是kinds，故填kinds。
（7）句意：我认为通过去那个商场你没有省钱。by是介词，后面用动词ing，go的ing形式是going，故填going。
（8）句意：但是我们必须坐出租车回家。根据前后句可知表示转折，所以用but，故填but。
（9）句意：因为我们有太多要带的东西。to do不定式做things的定语，所以用to carry，故填to carry。
（10）句意：出租车的花费比你节省下的钱更多。more than，比......更多，根据句意可知是表示更多，故填than。
【点评】考查语法填空，考查词汇在语篇中的运用能力，首先理解文章大意，然后细读文章字斟句酌逐一作答。注意考虑句型、搭配、语境等，最后通读一遍检查验证。
8．阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的词，或填入括号中所给单词的正确形式。 Do you like watching TV? What kind of TV shows do you like ________ （well）? A lot of young people like watching games because they are interesting. ________ I like talk shows. I can always learn a lot from the programs. Last Sunday evening I got to know a great man on TV. Here's a photo of the great man. Let me tell you something ________ him.
His name is Eckat Loewe. He is 42 years old. He comes from Hamburg, Germany. He is the ________ （young） of the twins. He used to be a worker, a coach and a soldier. But he really liked to be a teacher. Ten years ago, he went to Guangxi and ________ （become） a volunteer teacher in the countryside. Today, he is still there.
Many ________ （family） there don't have money for their children to go to school. So Loewe ________ （teach） them for free. He uses ________ new way to teach students. Loewe never uses textbooks in class. He does not like to tell students how ________ （do） things. He just ask, \"What do you want to do?\" The children love Loewe very much. They like to play with ________ （he） and even climb up his back.
【答案】best；But；about；younger；became；families；teaches；a；to do；him 【解析】【分析】主要讲了上周日晚上作者通过电视上了解了一位伟人——Eckat Loewe，并且介绍了一些情况。
（1）句意：你最喜欢哪种电视节目？like...best，最喜欢.....，故填best。
（2）句意：但是我喜欢脱口秀。根据A lot of young people like watching games because they are interesting.可知许多年轻人喜欢看游戏节目，而这里说的是脱口秀，前后表示转折，所以用but，故填But。
（3）句意：让我告诉你一些关于他的事情。tell sb. sth. about sth.告诉某人关于某事的一些事情，故填about。
（4）句意：他是双胞胎中较年轻的一个。the+比较级+of+the+two+可数名词复数，表示两者中较......的一个，用young比较级younger，故填younger。
（5）句意：他去广西并且成为一名乡村支教老师。went，去，一般过去时，and前后时态一致，所以become用过去式became，故填became。
（6）句意：那里的许多家庭没有钱给孩子们上学。many，修饰可数名词复数，family复数是families，故填families。
（7）句意：所以Loewe免费教他们。根据don't have可知，时态是一般现在时，主语是he，所以teach用单三teaches，故填teaches。
（8）句意：他用一种新的方式来教学生。way，方式，可数名词单数，要加冠词a/an，new以辅音音素开头，所以用a，故填a。
（9）句意：他不喜欢告诉学生怎样做事情。how to do sth. 怎样做某事，故填to do。 （10）句意：他们喜欢和他玩。with是介词，所以后面用宾格，he的宾格是him，故填him。
【点评】考查语法填空，考查词汇在语篇中的运用能力，首先理解文章大意，然后细读文章字斟句酌逐一作答。注意考虑句型、搭配、语境等，最后通读一遍检查验证。
二、八年级英语上册阅读理解专项练习（含答案解析）
9．阅读理解
A primary school bus driver stopped the bus in a gas station in Ohio because he had to use the bathroom. Instead of turning off the engine（引擎）and taking the key with him, the driver left the bus running. And he forgot to set the parking brake（刹车）because he was in a hurry. \"It was cold outside, and I didn't want the kids to get cold while I was using the bathroom, \"he told the police officer.
The bus slowly started moving away from the gas station. As the bus picked up speed, the kids began shouting and crying. Ten—year—old Jake ran forward to the driver's seat and held the steering wheel（方向盘）. He pressed hard on the brake pedal（踏板）and managed to stop the bus as it came nearer to a river bed. Jake turned off the engine at last. After the police arrived at the scene, they praised Jake for his great effort.
\"That is a cool kid, \"said the police officer.\" I told him he would become a great police officer when he grew up.\"
Jake wasn't impressed with what he did. \"Stopping the bus, \"he said, \"was easy compared to playing Grand Theft Auto Ⅲ, my favourite action video game. \"The police took the bus driver to the police station. He was at first charged（指控）with\" leaving a child alone while the motor is running\". The lawyer said he hoped to upgrade the charge because of the number of children （twenty）on the bus.
\"Whatever he is charged with, \"the police officer said, \"I believe that he never drives a bus again.\"
（1）Why didn't the driver turn off the engine when he went to the bathroom? A. He was in a hurry. B. He forgot to do it.
C. He didn't want the kids to get cold. D. He thought he would be back in a minute. （2）What is the correct order? a. The bus started moving. b. Jake turned off the engine. c. Jake held the steering wheel. d. The kids began shouting and crying. e. Take ran forward to the driver's seat. f. Jake pressed hard on the brake pedal.
A. a—b—c—d—e—f B. a—d—e—c—f—b C. d—a—c—e—f—b D. d—e—a—b—c—f （3）What can we know about Jake? A. He could drive. B. He was eleven years old. C. He wanted to be a police officer. D. He liked playing Grand Theft Auto Ⅲ.
（4）What does the underlined word \"upgrade\" mean in Chinese?
A. 改变 B. 取消 C. 加重 D. 减轻
【答案】 （1）C （2）B （3）D （4）C
【解析】【分析】文章大意：一个校车司机，因为要去洗澡，怕孩子在车上挨冻，没有熄灭汽车，但是因为走的匆忙，忘了刹车。车自己向前开走了，在这危急关头一个叫杰克的男孩上去把住了方方向盘，踩住了刹车，车上的孩子得救了，司机因此受到了严重的惩罚，终生不能在开车。
（1）细节理解题，根据 It was cold outside, and I didn't want the kids to get cold while I was using the bathroom 可知，司机之所以没有熄火是因为怕车上的孩子挨冻，故答案是C。
（2）细节排序题，根据文章内容可知，事情的经过是这样的：1.汽车开始动a，2.孩子们还是哭喊d，3.杰克跑向司机的座位e，4.杰克抓住了方向盘c，5.杰克用力踩刹车f，6.杰克关闭了汽车引擎b，所以句子顺序为adecfb，故答案是B。
（3）逻辑推理题，根据 \"Stopping the bus, \"he said, \"was easy compared to playing Grand Theft Auto Ⅲ, my favourite action video game. 可知杰克喜欢玩汽车大盗游戏三，故答案是D。
（4）词义猜测题，根据 The lawyer said he hoped to upgrade the charge because of the number of children （twenty）on the bus. \"Whatever he is charged with, \"the police officer said, \"I believe that he never drives a bus again.\" 可知，划线单词的意思是加重，故答案是C。
【点评】考查阅读理解。本文涉及细节理解题、词义猜测题、细节排序题，逻辑推理题。细节理解题要可以直接从文中寻找答案；逻辑推理题需要联系上下文，推断出需要的信息；词义猜测题，需要根据单词所在的语境，进行合理想象，确定单词的意思；细节排序题则需要按照故事的发展情节将所给的句子排序。
10．阅读理解
It seems very natural that if you have two dollars and add two dollars to them, you have four dollars. But do you know it too men millions of years to be able to think so? In fact, one of the most difficult things to teach children is the idea of numbers.
In ancient times, when a man wanted to tell how many animals he owned. he had no system（系统） of numbers to use. He put a stone into a bag for each animal. The more animals, the more stones he had. It may explain why the word \"calculate\" comes from the Latin word \"calculus\
Then, man used lines to count. People would just draw a line for each thing they wanted to count, but they had no word to tell the number.
Later on, people used fingers. Again we have word that goes back to this. The word \"digit\" comes from the Latin word \"digitus\". It means \"finger\"! And the fact that we have 10 fingers led to the use of 10 in the system of numbers.
The number system we use today was invented by the Hindus in India thousands of years ago
and was brought to Europe during 8th to 11th by Arab traders（商人）. In this system, people count things with ten numbers. 1. 2.3.4.5.6.7.8.9.and 0. It is decimal system（十进制）, that is, it is built on the base of 10.
（1）How many ways of counting things are introduced to us in the passage？ A. One. B. Two. C. Three. D. Four. （2）If A and B each drew four lines to count their own sheep. how many sheep did they have together？
A. Four. B. Six. C. Eight. D. Ten. （3）Why do people use 10 in the system of numbers？ A. Because 10 is a popular number. B. Because we only have 10 fingers.
C. Because we have no word to tell the number. D. Because we have no system of numbers to use.
（4）Which of the following can be the best title of the passage？ A. Numbers and trading B. Ways of counting In Modern Times C. Animals and calculating D. Development of counting System 【答案】 （1）D （2）C （3）B （4）D
【解析】【分析】大意:本文讲述数数系统的发展，最早用石头计数，然后用画线计数，在后来，人们用手指计数，如今我们用十进制。
（1）细节题。根据 He put a stone into a bag for each animal. The more animals, the more stones he had. Then, man used lines to count. Later on, people used fingers. It is decimal system（十进制）.可知，最早用石头计数，然后用画线计数，在后来，人们用手指计数，如今我们用十进制，故选D。
（2）细节题。根据People would just draw a line for each thing they wanted to count, 可知，人们数一个东西用一条线，A和B每人画4条线，共八条线，代表他们有八只羊，故选C。
（3）推断题。根据 And the fact that we have 10 fingers led to the use of 10 in the system of numbers.It is decimal system（十进制）, it is built on the base of 10.可知，我们有10个手指，导致数字10的使用，十进制是在10的基础上产生的，由此推出我们在数字系统中使用10是因为我只有10个手指，故选B。
（4）主旨题。本文讲述数数系统的发展，最早用石头计数，然后用画线计数，在后来，人们用手指计数，如今我们用十进制，故选D。
【点评】考查阅读理解能力，细节题、推断题和主旨题是阅读理解题中常考题型。细节题要从文中寻找答案；推断题需要根据上下文，推断出需要的信息；主旨题需要通读全文，了解大意之后找出中心思想。
11．阅读理解
Many of you have watched a Superman cartoon or movie. But did you know he first appeared in comics（连环漫画）? Do you want to learn more about popular comic books around the world? Take a look!
Do you find reading boring? Have a read of some comic books. You will learn to love their colorful pictures and simple language.
Comic books usually tell stories through cartoons. The US and Japan have some great comic books. But they are not the same.
Their names are different. People say \"comic books\" in the US but \"manga\" in Japan. American comics are often about superheroes—characters like Superman and Spider Man. So action is a major part of American comics. But Japanese manga like to tell stories of ordinary people. Luffy in One Piece（《海盗王》）is such an example.
American comics make people excited with super powers, while Japanese manga comfort（安慰）people with moving stories. Natsume's Book of Friends is about a teenage boy. He can see spirits（精灵）. He is confused （困惑的）at first but later he makes friends with spirits. If you are not interested in these two kinds, why not try some from China? Xia Da, 32, is a great comic book artist from China. Some of her comics are about school life. Others show the beauty of Chinese culture.
（1）What does the writer think of the comic books?
A. Boring. B. Colorful and simple. C. Difficult. D. Difficult but exciting. （2）Which is TRUE about American comic? A. They are usually about ordinary people. B. Action is a major part of American comics. C. They often tell of normal people's moving stories. D. They want to show more of Japanese culture. （3）Which character is from Japanese manga?
A. Superman. B. Spider Man. C. Luffy. D. Natsume. （4）Where is Xia Da from?
A. Japan. B. The US. C. The UK. D. China. 【答案】 （1）B （2）B （3）C （4）D
【解析】【分析】主要讲了连环漫画。
（1）细节题。根据You will learn to love their colorful pictures and simple language.可知连环画是色彩鲜艳的和简单的，故选B。
（2）细节题。根据So action is a major part of American comics.可知动作是美国漫画是一部分，故选B。
（3）细节题。根据But Japanese manga like to tell stories of ordinary people. Luffy in One Piece（《海盗王》）is such an example.可知海盗王是日本漫画的人物，故选C。 （4）细节题。根据Xia Da, 32, is a great comic book artist from China.可知Xia Da来自中国，
故选D。
【点评】考查阅读理解，主要考查细节题，注意从文中仔细寻找答案。
12．阅读理解
Films bring us more than just fun．For many people，watching foreign（国外的）films is a way to learn the language. Of course, there must be some difficulties. Here is my advice （建议） for you to get the most enjoyment from watching films in English.
If you like action films, watch an action film like Indiana Jones. If you like comedies better, watch a comedy. Anything with Hugh Grant in always makes people laugh! If you choose something you enjoy watching in your own language, you may enjoy it better in English. Choose something that is simple for you
It's best to start with something simple. Then you can understand the story of the film better. Disney films, such as The Lion King and Tangled, are great examples. Ask friends for advice
Maybe your friends have English films. If so, they may be able to recommend good films to you. If necessary, use subtitles（字幕）
For beginners, subtitles are very useful. Using subtitles in your own language is the easiest way to understand the film, but for many good learners, why not use English subtitles? In this way, you can learn more words and improve your English. （1）What can be put back into the blank?
A. Watch different kinds of films. B. Choose a film that you enjoy. C. Enjoy interesting English films D. Learn English by watching films. （2）What is Hugh Grant probably like?
A. Serious. B. Smart. C. Quiet. D. Funny. （3）What does the underlined word \"recommend\" mean in Chinese?
A. 赠送 B. 翻译 C. 推荐 D. 编造 （4）What does the passage mainly tell us? A. Films can bring people much fun.
B. Watching films is a great way to learn English. C. Different people like different kinds of films. D. Different films can give you different feelings. 【答案】 （1）B （2）D （3）C
（4）B
【解析】【分析】主要讲了看英语电影是一种学习英语的好方式。
（1）细节题。根据If you choose something you enjoy watching in your own language, you may enjoy it better in English可知是选择你喜欢的电影，故选B。
（2）细节题。根据Anything with Hugh Grant in always makes people laugh!可知Hugh Grant会让人笑，即滑稽可笑的，故选D。
（3）细节题。根据Maybe your friends have English films.可知你的朋友们有英语电影，所以你的朋友会推荐给你，故选C。
（4）细节题。根据Here is my advice （建议） for you to get the most enjoyment from watching films in English.可知主要讲了看英语电影是学英语的好方式，故选B。 【点评】考查阅读理解，主要考查细节题，注意从文中仔细寻找答案。
13．阅读理解 Sam, Thank you for asking me to play soccer with you. But I'm afraid I can't. I have a piano lesson on Tuesday. Maybe another time. Nancy Sandy, Thank you very much for inviting me to your birthday party on Friday. I'd love to go but I have to go to New York that day. It's very kind of you to invite me. I hope you will have a happy birthday party. Nancy Lucy, Thanks a lot for your invitation. I'd love to go to your house for dinner on Thursday, but I have to get my things ready for traveling. How about coming to my house with Lily? My mother cooks fish very well. I think you will like it. I hope to see you before I leave. Nancy Rose, Would you like to come to my house for dinner tonight? All of our good friends will come, Nancy （1）How many invitations does Nancy get? A. Two. B. Three. C. Four. D. Five. （2） will have a birthday party.
A. Lucy B. Sandy C. Sam D. Rose （3）Nancy will go to New York on .
A. Tuesday B. Thursday C. Friday D. Wednesday （4）What does Nancy have to do on Thursday?
A. Get her things ready for traveling. B. Cook fish for Lucy and Lily. C. Play soccer with Sam. D. Go to the birthday party. （5）Which of the following is TRUE?
A. Nancy is going to Lucy's house for dinner. B. Nancy invites Rose to come to her house for dinner. C. Lucy and Lily can't go to Nancy's house. D. Sandy invites Nancy to play soccer together. 【答案】 （1）B （2）B （3）C （4）A （5）B
【解析】【分析】主要讲了四则邀请函。
（1）细节题。根据第一则Sam,Thank you for asking me to play soccer with you.第二则Sandy,Thank you very much for inviting me to your birthday party on Friday.第三则Lucy,Thanks a lot for your invitation.可知Sam、Sandy和Lucy邀请Nancy，所以是三个，故选B。 （2）细节题。根据Sandy,Thank you very much for inviting me to your birthday party on Friday.可知Sandy邀请Nancy在周五去Sandy是生日聚会，故选B。
（3）细节题。根据第二个表格Thank you very much for inviting me to your birthday party on Friday. I'd love to go but I have to go to New York that day.可知Nancy周五不能参加Sandy的聚会，因为Nancy周五去纽约，故选C。
（4）细节题。根据第三个表格Thanks a lot for your invitation. I'd love to go to your house for dinner on Thursday, but I have to get my things ready for traveling.可知Nancy周四为旅行做好准备，故选A。
（5）细节题。根据Rose,Would you like to come to my house for dinner tonight? All of our good friends will come,Nancy可知Nancy邀请Rose今晚去吃晚饭，故选B。 【点评】考查阅读理解，主要考查细节题，注意从文中仔细寻找答案。
14．阅读理解
Do you like eating ice-cream? Do you know how ice-cream spread in the world?
The earliest ice was eaten in China many years ago. People put fruit juice into ice. Later, this idea spread to Italy. Nero, the emperor of Rome between 54 AD and 68 AD, liked to eat ice between violin lessons. He ordered runners to run to the mountain, get snow and quickly run back to the palace. The snow was mixed with fruit juice and honey.
Around 1660, coffee shops serving ice-ream were very popular in Paris. Most of the coffee shops were owned by Italians. The first successful one was opened by a man from Italy named Francesco Procopio.
Ice-cream was probably to America in the early 1700s, and it quickly became the favorite of American presidents. George Washington had ice-cream machine in his kitchen. Dolly Madison, the wife of President Madison, was the first one to serve her guests ice-cream in the White House. Before ice-cream was sold in stores, it was made and frozen（冷冻）at home. It took lots of work to mix cream, eggs, fruit, ice and salt, and then to freeze it. Nancy Johnson, an American woman made the hand-turned ice-cream freezer in 1846. Five years later, Jacob Flusell opened
first ice-cream freezer in 1846. Five years later, Jacob Flusell opened first ice-cream business in Baltimore, Maryland. His business quickly spread to other states. （1）People in China and Italy ate ice with many years ago.
A. cream B. coffee C. fruit juice D. eggs and salt （2）From the passage we know that Francesco Procopio . A. was a Frenchman B. made an ice-cream machine
C. opened the first ice-cream shop in Paris
D. opened the first successful coffee shop serving ice-cream in Paris （3）We can learn from the passage that Dolly Madison . A. brought ice-cream to America B. was once the president of America
C. opened the first ice-cream business in Baltimore
D. was the first one to serve the guests ice-cream in the White House （4）How did ice-cream spread in the world?
A. China→Italy→France→America. B. China→France→America→Italy. C. Italy→China→France→America. D. America→France→Italy→China. （5）The passage mainly talks about .
A. how to make ice-cream B. the history of ice-cream C. why people like eating ice-cream D. ice-cream shops around the world 【答案】 （1）C （2）D （3）D （4）A （5）B
【解析】【分析】文章大意：这是一篇说明文，主要介绍了冰激凌的历史。先是从中国产生，传到意大利，法国，最后到美国，如今已风靡世界。
（1）细节理解题。根据文中的语句 The earliest ice was eaten in China many years ago. People put fruit juice into ice. Later, this idea spread to Italy. 理解可知，在很久以前，古老的中国人与意大利人吃带有水果汁的冰，故选C。
（2）细节理解题，根据文中的语句The first successful one was opened by a man from Italy named Francesco Procopio.理解可知，第一个成功在巴黎开冰激凌商店的是来自意大利的名叫弗朗西斯科·普罗科皮奥的人。故选D。
（3）细节理解题。根据文中的语句 Dolly Madison, the wife of President Madison, was the first one to serve her guests ice-cream in the White House. 理解可知，多莉·麦迪逊，麦迪逊总统的妻子，是第一个在白宫为客人提供冰淇淋的人。故选D。
（4）理解归纳题。根据文中的语句 The earliest ice was eaten in China many years ago. Later, this idea spread to Italy. Around 1660, coffee shops serving ice-ream were very popular in Paris. Most of the coffee shops. 以及 Ice-cream was probably to America in the early 1700s, 可知冰激凌的传播过程是，中国，意大利，法国以及美国。故选A。
（5）主题归纳题。根据文中的语句理解可知，此文主要介绍了冰激凌的发展史，故选B。 【点评】考查阅读理解。本文主要考查细节理解题，首先仔细阅读文后的问题，弄清问题的大意；然后带着问题阅读短文，抓住关键信息，选择正确答案。
15．阅读理解
When I was a boy, I had a big appetite（胃口）. I was lucky enough to have my grandma, because she always cooked delicious food for me. At that time, I lived at school l could only go back home on vacation. But whenever I got the chance to go back home, I would like to stay in my grandma's home.
When my grandma cooked in the kitchen, I would like to help her. I helped her wash vegetables, clean dishes and so on. Then l set the table and waited for her to eat together. It was really a warm memory for me.
My grandma always tried to create new dishes. Every time after she cooked a new dish, she would let me try first. Then she would wait for my comments for the dish. After I told her how I liked the dish, she would write down some notes on a small notebook.
When I grew up, I went to another city to work. Although I tried a lot of food in many expensive restaurants, in my eyes, my grandma was the best cook in the world. （1）Why did the writer say he was lucky enough? A. Because he had a big appetite.
B. Because he worked in another city when he grew up. C. Because his grandma always cooked delicious food for him. D. Because his grandma helped him with his studies. （2）What is the second paragraph mainly about? A. How the writer helped his grandma cook. B. Why the writer always ate with his grandma. C. Wily the writer liked to set the table. D. Why the writer liked to clean dishes.
（3）The underlined word \"comments\" in the passage means\" \".
A. 协助 B. 品尝 C. 赞助 D. 评论 （4）Which of the following is NOT true according to the passage? A. The writer lived at school when he was a boy.
B. The writer still liked his grandma's dishes very much when he grew up. C. The writer never went to the expensive restaurants to try food.
D. The writer liked to stay with his grandma when he went back home from school. 【答案】 （1）C （2）A （3）D （4）C
【解析】【分析】文章大意：奶奶做饭非常好吃，在我小时候就喜欢吃奶奶做的饭，也经常帮助她做饭，奶奶也经常尝试做新菜，并且让我试吃。我感觉奶奶是最好的厨师。
（1）细节理解题。根据文中的语句 I was lucky enough to have my grandma, because she always cooked delicious food for me. 理解可知，因为奶奶经常为我做好吃的，故选C。 （2）主旨大意归纳题。根据文中第二段的语句理解可知，此段主要介绍了小时候经常帮助奶奶做菜，故选A。
（3）词义推测题。根据文中的语句 After I told her how I liked the dish, she would write down some notes on a small notebook. 理解可知，comment在此句中的含义应该是评价或评论，故选D。
（4） 推理判断题。根据文中的语句 Although I tried a lot of food in many expensive restaurants, in my eyes, my grandma was the best cook in the world. 理解可知，作者经常去高档的餐馆就餐，选项C描述是错误的，故选C。
【点评】考查阅读理解。本文考查细节题，词义推断题，推理判断题和主旨题等常考题型，细节题要注意从文中抓住关键词寻找答案；主旨题，词义推断题以及判断题都需要通读全文，了解大意之后找出正确选项。
16．根据短文理解，选择正确答案。
D
Who is the greatest teacher in Chinese history? Many people would think of Confucius（孔子）, whose birthday was September 28. Although he lived over 2, 000 years ago, people still remember and respect him for his contribution（贡献） to the education today.
Confucius lived in the Kingdom of Lu, which lies in Shandong Province. He lived during the Spring and Autumn Period. He had a hard childhood. His father died when he was only 3. His mother brought him up. As a child, he had to work to help his mother, but young Confucius didn't give up studying. He visited many famous teachers and learned music, history, poetry and sports. Later, he became a teacher and started the first public school in Chinese history. At that time only children from noble families could go to school, but Confucius believed everyone should go to school if they wanted to learn. He had about 3, 000 students in his lifetime.
Today, people still follow Confucius' lessons. He told us that we all have something worthy to be learned. “When I am with three people, one of them must be better than me in some areas. I choose their good qualities and follow them.”
He also taught us that thinking is very important in study. “All study but no thinking makes people puzzled （困惑的）. All thinking but no study makes people lazy.”
Confucius is not only a great teacher, but also a famous thinker with wise thoughts about the world and society. His most important teachings are about kindness and good manners. “A person should be strict with himself, but be kind to others.” he said. （1）Confucius learned music, history, poetry and sports _________as a child.
A. by teaching himself at home B. with the help of his mother C. by going to school D. by visiting many famous teacher （2）The underlined word “noble” in Paragraph 3 has the closest meaning to ___.
A. poor B. bright C. rich D. cute （3）The correct order of the following statements is __________.
①Confucius worked to help his mother as a child. ②Confucius educated about 3, 000 students in his lifetime. ③Confucius'father died.
④Confucius started the first public school in Chinese history.
A. ③①④② B. ②③④① C. ①③②④ D. ④③①②
（4）Which of the following is NOT mentioned in the passage?
A. All study but no thinking makes people puzzled. B. No one has something worthy to be learned. C. All thinking but no study makes people lazy.
D. A person should be strict with himself, but be kind to others. 【答案】 （1）D （2）C （3）A （4）B
【解析】【分析】这篇短文主要介绍了中国古代的思想家和教育家孔子的生平，他在教育以及思想方面对社会的贡献。
⑴细节理解。根据第二段 He visited many famous teachers and learned music, history, poetry and sports. 可知选D。
⑵词义猜测。poor穷的；bright聪明的；rich富有的；cute可爱的。句意：那时，只有贵族家庭的孩子们才能上学，但是孔子相信每个人如果想学的话都应该上学。所以noble意思是rich。故选C。
⑶细节理解。根据第一段，孔子3岁是父亲去世，母亲把他养大，后来他当了老师，创办了第一个公立学校，一生教了3000名学生。故选A。
⑷细节理解。A.学而不思则罔；B.人无完人；C.思而不学则殆；D.严以律己，宽以待人。ACD均可在文中找到，故选B。
【点评】考查对篇章的把握和对细节的识别能力，答题时注意紧扣问题中的关键词，在文章中寻找答案。
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