I临床与实验病理学杂志Chin J Clin Exp Pathol 2011 Jan;27(1) ・75・ 嗜酸性粒细胞增多症转基因小鼠模型的病理学观察 张敏,亓翠玲,王会萍,叶志金,唐富天,王尽淘,耿建国,王丽京 研究过表达IL一5的嗜酸性粒细胞增多症转基因小鼠模型的生物学特性和病理学变化。方法记录转基因小鼠 摘要:目的的繁育情况,通过计数小鼠外周血中嗜酸性粒细胞的变化规律;观察嗜酸性粒细胞增多对器官损害的病理变化特征。结果 小鼠已成功繁育,外周血中嗜酸性粒细胞占白细胞数的比例持续增长到48周龄时的49.9±3.5%,脏器组织内出现嗜酸性粒 细胞浸润和组织细胞变性、坏死等病理改变,出现体表被毛缺失和直肠脱垂现象。结论良好的转基因小鼠模型。 关键词:嗜酸性粒细胞增多;基因工程小鼠;IL-5基因过表达;病理变化 中图分类号:R 557.5;R 392.12 文献标识码:A 文章编号:1001—7399(2011)01—0075—04 小鼠体内高水平的IL一5能显著影响 外周血内嗜酸性粒细胞的数目和比值,造成了肺脏、肝脏和脾脏等脏器的严重损坏。表明该小鼠是研究嗜酸性粒细胞增多症 Eosinophilia in a transgenic mouse model:a pathological study ZHANG Min,Q1 Cui—lin,WANG Hui—ping,YE Zhi-ifn,TANG Fu—tian,WANG Jin—tao,GENG Jian—guo,WANG Li-jing (Institute of Vascular Biology,Guangdong Pharmaceutical University,Guangzhou 510006,China) Abstract:Purpose To investigate the biological features and pathologic changes of spontaneous eosinophilia in a transgenic mouse mode1.Methods The reproduction of the transgenic mouse was recorded.The proportion of eosinophils in whole peripheral white blood cells was determined.Other pathological processes such as organ injuries caused by eosinophilic infiltration were also investiga— ted.Results N.J.1638 mice were raised well in our lab.The proportion of peripheral eosinophils in whole white blood cells increased from low level at birth to 49.9%at 48 weeks old.Eosinophils deposited in the lung.1iver.spleen and other organs and caused patho— logical changes such as cell degeneration,necrosis and fibrous hyperplasia.When aged,the mice developed the dermal phenotype of hair loss.Some mice also suffered rectal prolapse.Conclusions Over—expression of IL一5 leads to dramatic increase of both total HUm— ber and the proportion of eosinophils in whole white blood cells.The eosinophilic infiltration causes damages in the lung,liver,spleen and other organs.This mouse model is an excellent model for the study of eosinophilia. Key words:eosinophil;transgenic mouse;IL一5;pathological development 嗜酸性细胞增多症可以是原发疾病也可继发于 一数量和比值都出现显著增加…,但是其饲养、鉴定、 嗜酸性粒细胞的变化情况和其他病理学特性等尚未 见报道。本文为明确嗜酸性粒细胞增多导致的器官 些常见疾病。尽管嗜酸性细胞具有吞噬性,并能 够通过降解和灭活肥大细胞释放的中介物来调节速 发型超敏反应、血管收缩和支气管收缩,但长期嗜酸 性细胞增多导致组织损害的机制尚不完全明了。 NJ 1638小鼠是美国James J Lee实验室在1997 年构建的IL一5过表达小鼠。该品种的小鼠在成熟 病理损害提供实验依据,为进一步利用该小鼠模型 开展相关研究提供重要参考。 1材料与方法 1.1材料 的T细胞内特异性的持续表达IL一5,并使得外周血 中白细胞数量显著增加,其中嗜酸性粒细胞的绝对 1.1.1 实验动物NJ 1638小鼠购自美国Jackson 实验室,8周龄,共3只(雄性)。C57BL/6J(简称 收稿日期:2010—09~20 C57)小鼠购自广东省动物中心,共6只(雌性),6— 8周龄。 基金项目:国家自然科学基金资助项目(30871304),国家科技部 “973”项目(国家重点基础研究发展计划2010CB529702) 作者单位:广东药学院血管生物学研究所,广州510006 1.1.2试剂1.2方法 Giemsa染色液购自Baso公司。 用8~l2周龄的NJ 1638雄 作者简介:张 敏,女,硕士研究生。Tel:(020)39352621,E—mail: zhangminsmart@163.COIIl 1.2.1保种及扩群王丽京,女,教授,通讯作者。Tel:(020)39352126,E.mail: wanglijing62@yahoo.com.cn 性小鼠和C57雌性小鼠以1:2的比例杂交,其Fl 代中即有NJ 1638小鼠,又有正常C57小鼠。 ・78・ 临床与实验病理学杂志Chin J Clin Exp Pathol 2011 Jan;27(1) (5):704—6. 态的主要原因。嗜酸性粒细胞主要从血循环进入组 织,由内皮细胞上的黏附分子和嗜酸性粒细胞上相 对应配体介导,通过内皮细胞之间的通道进入组 织 。它可释放出多种酶(如缓激肽酶、溶酶体酶、 [4] Shen H H,Ochkur S I,Mcgarry M P,et a1.A causative relationship exists between eosinophils and the development of allergic pulmo— nary pathologies in the mouse[J].Immunology,2003,170(6): 3296—305. 组织胺等)及其它有毒物质,引起血管扩张、水肿及 组织损害 。 人体嗜酸性粒细胞增多症可累及全身各器官及 系统。一般受累较多的是呼吸系统、消化系统及髓 外造血系统。临床表现为心脏、皮肤、神经系统、肺 脏等多样性损伤,另还有肝脾肿大、血小板减少、染 ice J P,Borehers M T,Lee J J,et a1.Ragweed-induced expres- [5] Justsion of GATA-3.IL4.and IL-5 by eosinophils in the lungs of al— lergie C57BL/6J mice[J].Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol, 2002。282(2):302—9. J,et a1.CD69 expression on airway e- [6] Wang H Y,Shen H H,Lee J osinophils and airway inflamnmtion in a nmrine model of asthma [J].Chin Med(Eng1),2006,119(23):1983—90. 色体异常和嗜酸性粒细胞克隆性增生等表现 J。 [7] Yousefi S,Gold J A,Andina N,et a1.Catapult-like release of mito— ehondrial DNA by eosinophils contibutres to antibacterial defense 该转基因小鼠也会出现嗜酸性粒细胞浸润全身脏 器,肝脾肿大等情况,与临床表现相吻合。因此提示 该转基因小鼠是作为临床上研究嗜酸性粒细胞增多 症的良好动物模型。本实验为明确嗜酸性粒细胞增 多导致的器官病理损害提供实验依据,为进一步利 用该小鼠模型开展相关研究提供重要指导作用。 参考文献: [1] Lee N A,Mcgan-y M P,Larson K A,et a1.Expression of IL一5 in thymocytes/T cells leads to the development of a massive eosino- philia,extramedullary eosinophilop0iesis,and unique istopatholo— [J].Nature Med,2008,14(9):949—53. [8] 郑霞,邓丹立,杨辉红,嗜酸性粒细胞增多与l临床[J].实用 医技杂志,2008,15(5):654—6. f9] 覃肇源,刘美娜,柯志勇,等.儿童嗜酸性粒细胞增多症病因和 临床表现——附46例分析[J].中国小儿血液,2002,7(6): 256—7. 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