大学英语四级模拟试卷283(题后含答案及解析)

大学英语四级模拟试卷283 (题后含答案及解析)

题型有：1. Writing 2. Reading Comprehension (Skimming and Scanning) 3. Listening Comprehension 4. Reading Comprehension (Reading in Depth) 5. Cloze 8. Translation

Part I Writing (30 minutes)

1． For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a composition on My Approach to Personal Success. You should write at least 120 words following the outline given below. 1. The importance of the personal competence and success in life. 2. My experience on my way to success. 3. My opinion on how to promote personal success.

正确答案： My Approach to Personal Success It is generally acknowledged that a successful person should make greater contributions to social progress and the well-being of others. However, a successful person also mean his personal happiness in return, at least, in most cases. Though I am inexperienced in fighting for future as a young man, I know I must first of all study and work hard. Working hard means overcoming difficulties and learning to be more creative and original in achieving what the others can’t or fail to. I so doing, I think, first of all, we should have a definite goal in life. Secondly, we must always check our plans work steadfast towards the goal Thirdly, accumulate knowledge and skills to make ourselves competent in our working posts. And, the last of all, is to have a teamwork spirit in getting along with our colleagues, which surely the key to our future success in life.

Part II Reading Comprehension (Skimming and Scanning) (15 minutes)Directions: In this part, you will have 15 minutes to go over the passage quickly and answer the questions attached to the passage. For questions 1-7, mark：Y (for YES) if the statement agrees with the information given in the passage;N (for NO) if the statement contradicts the information given in the passage;NG (for NOT GIVEN)if the information is not given in the passage.

Bird Flu: Communicating the Risk The recommendations listed below are grounded in two convictions(信念): that motivating people to start taking bird flu seriously should be a top priority for government health departments, and that risk communication principles provide the best guidance on how to do so.Start where your audience starts. Telling people who believe X that they ought to believe Y naturally provokes resistance. You can’t ignore X and just say YY-Y-Y-Y. You can’t simply tell people they’re wrong. You’ve got to start where they are, with X, and empathically explain why X seems logical, why it’s widely believed, why you used to believe it too.., and why, surprisingly, Y turns out to be closer to the truth. The

biggest barrier to sounding the alarm about bird flu is that it’s flu usually seen as a ho-hum(漠不关心的) disease. It would help if people stopped calling every minor respiratory infection “a touch of the flu” but that’s not going to happen. Empathy is the only answer. Instead of ignoring the fact that people think flu is minor, or berating people for thinking that flu is minor, acknowledge that even some pub{ic health authorities use the term “flu” in ways that minimize its seriousness. After making common cause with the public--”we have all ignored influenza for too long”--talk about how horrific the next flu pandemic(流行病) may be compared with the annual flu. Don’t be afraid to frighten people. For most of the world right now, though, apathy(漠不关心)is the problem--not denial. We can’t scare people enough about HSN1. WHO has been trying for over a year, with evermoredramatic appeals to the media, the public, and Member States. Until a pandemic begins, there’s little chance we’ll scare people too much. Research evidence won’t protect you from criticism, of course. Fear appeals often provoke angry pushback from people questioning your motives or your competence, accusing you of “crying wolf” or provoking “warning fatigue” or panicking the public. That happened after WHO Western Pacific Regional Director Shigeru Omi said that, in a worst case, a bird flu pandemic could kill up to 100 million people (a well-justified estimate). Of course, there is a genuine downside to issuing warnings that turn out to be unnecessary. Although panic is unlikely and warning fatigue is temporary, there is some credibility loss, especially if the warnings were exaggerated or overconfident. But consider the alternative. Which is worse, being criticized for “unduly” frightening people or being criticized for failing to warn people? Acknowledge uncertainty. When the first Thai bird flu outbreaks subsided(平息) in 2004, a senior public official said: “The first wave of bird flu outbreak has passed.., but we don’t know when the second wave will come, and we don’t trust the situation... So the Public Health Ministry is being as careful as possible.” This exemplifies two risk communication principles: acknowledge uncertainty and don’t overreassure. During Malaysia’s first outbreak, tests were pending regarding what strain of flu was killing the chickens. Senior veterinary official Hawari Hussein said, “We know it is HS, but we’re hoping it won’t be H5N1.” This very brief comment not only acknowledges uncertainty; it also expresses wishes, another good crisis communication practice. Everyone shared Hussein’s hope, but feared the worst. Overconfident overreassurancc (“the situation is under control, everything is going to be fine”) is terrible risk communication. Paradoxically, people usually find it alarming. They sense its insincerity and become mistrustful even before they know the outcome. But overconfident warnings are also unwise. There is so much we don’t know about H5N1. How many people will it infect? How quickly will it spread? How long will it last? How long will it take for an effective vaccine to be available? Which countries and which people in those countries will get the vaccine first? How well will health care systems cope? How well will national and international economies cope? And how well will civil society cope?Bird flu experts and risk communicators cannot answer these questions. But we can and should raise them, acknowledging our uncertainty at every turn.Share dilemmas. Sharing dilemmas is a lot like

acknowledging uncertainty. Not only are we unsure about what will happen; we’re also unsure about what to do. Everyone finds this hard to admit. But dilemmasharing has huge advantages: It humanizes the organization by letting the pain of difficult decisions show. It gives people a chance to make suggestions and be part of the process. It moderates the conflict between opposing recommendations. It reduces the outrage if you turn out to be wrong. Dilemma-sharing does raise some anxiety at first, but it allies with the public’s resourceful, mature side. This leads to better buy-in and better coping down the road. The most important bird flu dilemma at the moment is stockpiling(储备). If we stockpile H5 antigen(抗原) or an H5N1 vaccine (once it exists), that may save millions of lives if a pandemic materializes. But a vaccine is no magic solution. We probably can’t make and distribute enough vaccine for most of the world. And what if there is no pandemic? Or what if the virus mutates(突变) or drifts a lot, and the vaccine proves minimally useful? Is this really a good use of scarce health dollars, especially in developing countries? Maybe we should stockpile antiviral drugs. But they’re expensive, and who knows how well they will work against the actual pandemic strain that arises? The worst response to the stockpiling dilemma is also the most tempting: Stockpile only a little vaccine and some antivirals and imply that you have enough. Some officials are already engaging in this kind of over reassurance. The risk communication answer: Share the dilemma and let the public help you decide. Give people things to do. One reason sometimes given for not alarming the public is that there’s nothing for people to do anyway. A Jan. 13, 2005 Wall Street Journal article quoted Canadian infectious disease expert Richard Schabas as saying: “Scaring people about avian influenza accomplishes nothing, because we’re not asking people to do anything about it. “ But the error isn’t scaring people. The error is failing to realize and say how much they can do to prepare. Helping resolve government policy dilemmas is just the beginning. Thailand, for example, has trained almost a million volunteers to reach out to every village in the country to inform people about the risks and signs of bird flu and how to try to protect themselves and their flocks. Many companies, hospitals, schools, and local governments around the world are starting to plan for “business continuity” in the event of a pandemic. Even cognitive and emotional rehearsal learning about HSN1 and thinking about what a pandemic might be like and how you’d cope is a kind of preparedness and a kind of involvement. The WHO outbreak guidelines say, “If possible, representatives of the public should be brought into the decision-making process... Risk communication messages should include information about what the public can do to make themselves safer. “

2． This passage mainly gives government health departments some advice on how they should communicate the risk of bird flu.

A．Y B．N C．NG

正确答案：A 解析：纵观全文可以得知，这篇文章主要是向政府卫生部门建议应该如何向公众传达禽流感的危险信息。故答案为Yes。

3． The biggest barrier to sounding the alarm about bird flu is that people usually take flu seriously.

A．Y B．N C．NG

正确答案：B

解析：文章在“Start where your audience starts．”一段中指出“The biggest barrier to sounding the alarm about bird flu is that it’s flu usually seen as a hohum disease”：“让公众警惕禽流感的最大障碍是他们往往把感冒不当回事”。故答案为No。

4． WHO Western Pacific Regional Director Shigeru Omi said that a bird flu pandemic had killed a lot of Asian people.

A．Y B．N C．NG

正确答案：C

解析：文章在“Don’t be afraid to frighten people．”一段中提到Shigeru Omi曾说过，一次最严重的禽流感流行病可能夺去一亿人的生命，但并没有提到是否已经夺去许多亚洲人的生命。故答案为NG。

5． During Malaysia’s first outbreak, tests were pending regarding what strain of flu was killing the chickens.

A．Y B．N C．NG

正确答案：A 解析：文章在“Acknowledge uncertainty：”一段中指出“During Malaysia’s first outbreak，tests were pending regarding what strain of flu was killing the chickens”：“在马来西亚首次禽流感爆发期间，有关使小鸡致命的感冒种类的检测尚未有定论”。故答案为Yes。

6． Overconfident over reassurance is wonderful risk communication. A．Y B．N C．NG

正确答案：B

解析：文章在“Acknowledge uncertainty．”一段中指出“Overconfident over reassurance is terrible risk communication”：“过分自信的一再保证是很糟糕的一种传达风险信息的方式”。故答案为No。

7． Dilemma-sharing can’t give people a chance to make suggestions and be part of the process.

A．Y B．N C．NG

正确答案：B 解析：文章在“Share dilemmas。”一段中指出“It gives people a chance to make suggestions and be part of the process”：“与公众分忧可以让百姓参与到这个过程中来并提出他们的建议”。故答案为No。

8． Dilemma-sharing does raise some anxiety at first, but it allies with the public’s resourceful, mature side.

A．Y B．N C．NG

正确答案：A 解析：文章在“Share dilemmas．”一段中指出“Dilemma-sharing does raise some anxiety at first， but it allies with the public’s resourceful，mature side”：“与公众分忧起先的确会带来一些焦虑，但也能充分调动大众的智慧”。故答案为Yes。

9． The error of what Richard Schabas said is failing to realize and say how much they can do______.

正确答案：to prepare.

解析：文章在“Give people things to do，”一段中说道：“The error is failing to realize and say how much they can do to prepare．”从而得出答案为：to prepare。

10． Helping resolve government policy dilemmas is______.

正确答案：just the beginning.

解析：文章在“Give people things to do ”一段中说道：“Helping resolve government policy dilemmas is just the beginning．”从而得出答案为：just the beginning。

11． Risk communication messages should include information about what the public can do to______.

正确答案：make themselves safer.

解析：文章在“Give people things to do．”一段中说道：“Risk communication messages should include information about what the public can do to make themselves safer．”从而得出答案为：make themselves safer。

Part III Listening Comprehension (35 minutes)

Section ADirections: In this section, you will hear 8 short conversations and 2 long conversations. At the end of each conversation, one or more questions will be asked about what was said. Both the conversation and the questions will be spoken only once. After each question there will be a pause. During the pause, you must read the four choices marked A, B, C and D, and decide which is the best answer.

听力原文：M: Would you like a copy of professor Henry’s article?W: Thanks, if it’s not too much trouble.Q: What does the woman imply?

12．

A．She is not interested in the article. B．She has given the man much trouble.

C．She would like to have a copy of the article. D．She doesn’t want to read the article.

正确答案：C

听力原文：W: Did you visit CN Tower when you had your vacation in Toronto last summer?M: I didn’t make it last June. But I finally visited it two months later. I plan to visit it again sometime next year.Q: What do we learn about the man?

13．

A．He saw CN Tower he visited on TV. B．He has visited CN Tower twice. C．He has visited CN Tower once. D．He will visit the CN Tower in June.

正确答案：C

听力原文：M: Prof. Black has been very busy this semester. As far as I know, he works until mid-night every day.W: I wouldn’t have troubled him so much if I had known he was so busy.Q: What do we learn from the conversation?

14．

A．The woman has trouble getting along with the professor.

B．The woman regrets having taken up much of the professor’s time. C．The woman knows the professor has been busy.

D．The woman knows the professor has run into trouble.

正确答案：B

听力原文：W: If I were you, I would have accepted the job.M: I turned down the offer because it would mean frequent business trips away from my family.Q: Why didn’t the man accept the job?

15．

A．He doesn’t enjoy business trips as much as he used to. B．He doesn’t think he is capable of doing the job. C．He thinks the pay is too low to support his family. D．He wants to spend more time with his family.

正确答案：D

听力原文：M: How are you getting on with your paper, Mary? I’m having a real hard time with mine.W: fter two sleepless nights, I’m finally through with it.Q: What do we learn from this conversation?

16．

A．The man thought the paper was easy.

B．They both had a hard time writing the paper. C．The woman thought the paper was easy.

D．Neither of them has finished the assignment yet.

正确答案：B

听力原文：W: Where did you found this bag?M: It was lying under a big tree between the park and the apartment building.Q: Where did the man find the bag?

17．

A．In the park.

B．Between two buildings. C．In his apartment. D．Under a huge tree.

正确答案：D

听力原文：M: Wouldn’t you get bored with the same routine year after year teaching the same things to children?W: I don’t think it would be as boring as working in an office.Q: What does the woman imply about office work?

18．

A．It’s awfully boring. B．It’s really exciting. C．It’s very exhausting. D．It’s quite challenging.

正确答案：A

听力原文：M: I was terribly embarrassed when some of the audience got up and left in the middle of the performance.W: Well, some people just can’t seem to appreciate real-life drama.Q: What are they talking about?

19．

A．A movie. B．A lecture. C．A play. D．A speech.

正确答案：C

听力原文：M: Belinda, the game will begin soon.W: I can’t wait to watch the game, Martin. This is the first time I’ve ever been to a soccer game at a stadium. I always watch them on TV at home.M: This is not a soccer game. It’s football. American football.W: You mean it’s a rugby game?M: No, no, no. You’ve got them all wrong...The game is on. Look! They use an elliptic ball in an American football match. They can also pass the ball with their hands.W: I see. Soccer uses a round ball and the players can’t touch the ball with their hands. Is that right?M: You’re smarter than I thought. Now watch the game.W: Oh, that is violent !M: What are you talking about? It’s exiting.W: Listen, Martin. I can’t stand this. I don’t like American football at all. I came here only because I thought this was going to be a soccer game.M: Don’t be silly, Belinda. You’ll love it. It’s just begun.W: Please. I want to go home.M: All right, all right. This is crazy. What will my friends say about this?W: You can stay if you want. I can go home by myself.

20．

A．It is exciting. B．It is crazy. C．It is violent. D．It is hard.

正确答案：C

21．

A．The players use a round ball in the game.

B．The players cannot pass the ball with their hands. C．The game is a rugby game.

D．The players use an elliptic ball in the game.

正确答案：D

22．

A．Both prefer soccer to American football. B．Both prefer American football to soccer.

C．Belinda disagrees with Martin.

D．It is not clear from the conversation.

正确答案：C

听力原文：W: Hello, Ultimate Computers. May I help you?M: Yes, this is Jack Kordell from Hunter’s Office Supplies. May I speak to Elaine Strong, please?W: I’m sorry, but she is not in right now.M: Well, do you know when she will be back?W: Uh, yes, she should be here later on this afternoon maybe about 4: 30. May I take a message?M: Yes. Ms. Strong sent me a brochure detailing your newest line of laptop computers with a description of other software products, but there wasn’t any information about after-sales service.W: Oh, I’m sorry. Would you like me to fax that to you?M: Yes, but our fax is being repaired at the moment, and it won’t be working until around 2: 30. Could you try sending that information around 3: 30? That should give me time to look over the material before I call Ms. Strong, say, around 5:00.W: Sure. Could I have your name, telephone number, and fax number, please?M: Yes. Jack Kordell and the phone number is 560-1287. The fax number is 560-1288.W: Ok, Jack Kordell. Is your name spelled C-o-r-d-e-l-l?M: No. It’s Kordell with a”k”and two”l”. K-o-r-d-e-l-l.W: All right, Mr. Kordell. Your phone number is 560-1287, and your fax number is 560-1288. Is that correct?M. Yes, it is.W. All fight. I’ll be sure to send you the fax this afternoon.M: Thank you, bye.

23．

A．She’s in a meeting. B．She’s out of the office.

C．She’s talking with another customer. D．She’s spending her holiday.

正确答案：B

24．

A．A list of software products.

B．A picture of the newest computers. C．An introduction about the products. D．Information on after-sales service.

正确答案：D

25．

A．2:30 pm. B．3:30 pm. C．4:30 pm. D．5:00 pm.

正确答案：B

26．

A．560-1288. B．560-1828. C．560-2187. D．560-1287.

正确答案：D

Section BDirections: In this section, you will hear 3 short passages. At the end of each passage, you will hear some questions. Both the passage and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A, B, C and D.

听力原文： As researchers learn more about how children’s intelligence develops, they are increasingly surprised by the power of parents. The power of the school has been replaced by the home. Studies have shown that factors like child’s understanding of language, his learning patterns, and his curiosity are well established before the child enters school at the age of six. Studies have also shown that even after school begins, children’s achievements have been far more influenced by parents than by teachers. This is particularly true about language learning. However, it’s sad to see that so many parents are not making the most of their child’s intelligence. Until recently parents had been intimidated by educators who asked them not to educate their children. But many teachers now realize that children cannot be educated only at school and parents are being asked to contribute both before and after the child enters school. Parents have been particularly afraid to teach reading at home. Of course, children shouldn’t be pushed to read by their parents, but educators have discovered that reading is best taught individually and the easiest place to do this is at home. Many four-or five-year-old children, who have been shown a few letters and taught their sounds, will spontaneously make up single words of their own with these letters even before they have been taught to read.

27．

A．It depends on inheritance.

B．School education plays a major role.

C．It’s influenced more by environment than by genes.

D．The power of parents proves to be a greater contribution.

正确答案：D

28．

A．In language learning. B．In formal education. C．In learning patterns.

D．In cultivating curiosity.

正确答案：A

听力原文： In a way, all of us are on a spaceship, the planet Earth. We move around the sun at 18 miles per second and never stop. On our spaceship we have six billion people and a limited supply of air, water, and land. These supplies have to be used carefully because we can’t buy new air, water, or land from anywhere else. The environment on our planet is a closed system: nothing new is ever added. Nature recycles its resources. Water, for example, evaporates and rises as visible drops to form clouds. Then the water returns to earth as rain or snow. The rain that falls today is actually the same water that fell on the land 70 million years ago. Today, the Earth is in trouble. Factories pour dirty water into rivers. Many fishes die and the water become unhealthy for people to drink, Cars and factories put poisonous gas into the air and cause plants, animals and people to get sick. People throw bottles and paper out of their car windows, and the roadside becomes covered with all sorts of wastes. Over the years, people have changed the environment, and at the same time we cause pollution. To continue to survive, we must learn how to use the Earth’s resources wisely. We have to change our habits and stop dumping such enormous amounts of industrial waste into the water and air. We must cooperate with nature and learn better ways to use, not abuse, our environment.

29．

A．Because both have a limited supply of air, water, and other resources. B．Because the Earth moves around the sun as fast as a spaceship. C．Because we can travel to outer space. D．Because the Earth never stops moving.

正确答案：A

30．

A．About 80 miles per second. B．About 70 miles per second. C．About 18 miles per second. D．About 17 miles per second.

正确答案：C

31．

A．Because the Earth is heavily polluted.

B．Because nature cannot recycle its resources.

C．Because there are more and more people living on the Earth. D．Because no more new resources can be added.

正确答案：D

32．

A．Nature has changed our environment over the years.

B．We must avoid wasting resources and polluting our environment. C．Our resources are nearly used up.

D．Trips to other planets will help eliminate pollution.

正确答案：B

Section CDirections: In this section, you will hear a passage three times. When the passage is read for the first time, you should listen carefully for its general idea. When the passage is read for the second time, you are required to fill in the blanks numbered from 36 to 43 with the exact words you have just heard. For blanks numbered from 44 to 46 you are required to fill in the missing information. For these blanks, you can either use the exact words you have just heard or write down the

Education is too important to take seriously. When people take anything too seriously, they put on blinders, which cause them to miss the important【B1】______of what is going on around them. They develop “tunnel vision,’ which limits and【B2】______their perception of【B3】______. Education is too important to be limited by those who have【B4】______to wear blinders and develop tunnel vision. I believe the accountability movement has【B5】______many educators to take education too seriously. When we take education too seriously, we put【B6】______tests scores above children, we put lesson plans above teachers, and we put on our blinders, only to see a【B7】______small segment of the child--that segment that can be【B8】______easily rather than looking at the child as a whole.【B9】______. How can we take off our blinders? How can we eliminate tunnel vision to see the whole child? How can we not take everything so seriously? My recommendation is simply to laugh, teach and laugh. Psychologists have long believed that negative motions cause negative chemical changes in the body. We know the opposite is also true.【B10】______Laughter actually relaxes the muscles, allows the heartbeat, and lowers blood pressure. Laughter stirs the inside and gets the endocrine system moving, which can be quite beneficial in alleviating disease.【B11】______.

33． 【B1】

正确答案：aspects

34． 【B2】

正确答案：distorts

35． 【B3】

正确答案：reality

36． 【B4】

正确答案：chosen

37． 【B5】

正确答案：encouraged

38． 【B6】

正确答案：standardized

39． 【B7】

正确答案：rather

40． 【B8】

正确答案：measured

41． 【B9】

正确答案：By looking at the whole student, we can get a sense of whether that student enjoys learning, is functioning well with others, and feds good about himself.

42． 【B10】

正确答案：We know that a person with good sense of humor has better healing qualities.

43． 【B11】

正确答案：Laughter also relieves boredom, tension, guilt, depression, headaches and backaches.

Part IV Reading Comprehension (Reading in Depth) (25 minutes)

Section ADirections: In this section, there is a passage with ten blanks. You are required to select one word for each blank from a list of choices given in a word bank following the passage. Read the passage through carefully before making your

choices. Each choice in the bank is identified by a letter. Please mark the corresponding letter for each item with a single line through the center. You may not use any of the words in the bank more than once.

An interesting feature of education in the United States is the community college. Community colleges that are【S1】______offer somewhat different educational opportunities than those offered by a senior college or a university. First,【S2】______requirements at public community colleges are usually much more lenient than those at a four-year college or university. It’s usually enough to have graduated from an American high school to be admitted. Second, it is also cheaper to【S3】______a community college. The【S4】______and fees are usually quite a bit lower. Students often live at home because this type of school does not have【S5】______. For these two reasons, many people who are unable to go to a four-year college or university can have an opportunity to take class for college【S6】______. Finally, community colleges offer two-year programs that can【S7】______an Associate of Arts degree. Many of these programs, but not all of them, are vocational in nature.【S8】______, people attend community colleges for many different purposes. Some people may be taking only a course or two in some field that particularly【S9】______them and may not be planning on getting a degree. Other people may be going to full- time community college and planning to【S10】______a four-year college or university upon successful completion of two years at a community college.A)

publicly supported B) occursC) admissions D) creditE) tuition F) attendG) well-being H) separatedI) lead to J) dormitories K) transfer to L) correspondenceM) In conclusionN) Interests O) On the basis of

44． 【S1】

正确答案：A

45． 【S2】

正确答案：C

46． 【S3】

正确答案：F

47． 【S4】

正确答案：E

48． 【S5】

正确答案：J

49． 【S6】

正确答案：D

50． 【S7】

正确答案：I

51． 【S8】

正确答案：M

52． 【S9】

正确答案：N

53． 【S10】

正确答案：K

Section BDirections: There are 2 passages in this section. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. You should decide on the best choice.

It bad been a pleasantly warm day without much wind, and with enough cloud to prevent the heat of the sun becoming too great. Charles bad spent a long time studying the level of the water in the boat, and had discovered that, by evening, it had fallen very slightly. This, it would seem, must mean that the boat was not taking in water, which was fortunate, because any attempt to empty it out suggested greater effort than he felt equal to. One other immediate problem had held his wandering thoughts for a few moments at long intervals. This was the problem of Harcourt. The thing to do, Charles realized, was to put poor Harcourt in the sea. It should be a simple matter and take no more than a few seconds. Charles arranged in his mind exactly how it could most easily be done, but his body did not react to the suggestions of his mind. Charles told himself that it was his hands that were the trouble. It was better, really, not to find out how badly they were burned. There was nothing to be done about them except not use them. But then, suddenly, almost without knowing how he did it, Charles moved, stood up, bent over the body of poor Harcourt, lifted it and let it slip as gently as possible into the sea. Afterwards he stood in the stem(船尾) of the boat for a long time, watching the color of the sea deepen and the sky become increasingly farther off with the coming of night. In a curious way he felt

strangely happy. The problem of his rescue had not yet begun to trouble him. After a time Charles’ returning interest in living showed itself in the simple form of hunger. With some difficulty owing to the water in the boat, he explored its stores and found food and water in air-tight tins. He also found a neat package wrapped in green oiled silk. He unwrapped it and found maps. Neat, beautifully designed and printed, spotlessly new, they lay across his knees and he was no longer alone in a world of water. At that moment these clean official maps, correct in every detail, were as comforting as the sound of a human voice, as cheering as a canoe darkness.

54． In the evening the water in the boat was ______. A．higher than it was in the morning B．a little less than it was in the morning C．level with what it had been in the morning D．deeper than it had been when he studied it

正确答案：B

解析：此题为细节题。从文章第二句和第三句得知it had fallen very slightly 中的it 指level of water，因为文章说the boat was not taking in water，那么，船内的水由于从早到晚一天的蒸发就会变得少一些。所以船内的水是少一点，答案是B而不是其他。

55． Charles was worried about Harcourt’s body because ______. A．it was unwise to keep it in the boat B．he thought it was too heavy C．he couldn’t bear to get rid of it D．he didn’t know what to do with it

正确答案：A

解析：此题为推断题。在Charles 的手受伤，船里进了许多水，飘行于海上的情况下留住 Harcourt 的尸体是不明智的，因此他便对Harcourt 的尸体“发愁”。B项不对，扔掉尸体并不因尸体是重或轻而决定；C他不扔掉Harcourt；D他不知道该怎样处理Harcourt，均不合题意，故选A。

56． Charles thought his hands______.

A．would not prevent him from lifting the body B．would carry out his plan

C．were more badly burnt than he had thought D．might be too badly burnt to use

正确答案：D

解析：此题为推断题。从文章第一段最后两个句子可以看出答案。文章第一段结尾说：执行他的计划主要麻烦是他的手。最好别弄清楚手烧伤的有多厉害，最好别使用受伤的手；第二段首却说他用手显然说明他以为手伤得太厉害而不能

用，但实际上不是如此。

57． The first sign of Charles’ renewed desire to live was that he______. A．started to look for food and water B．was able to explore the boat C．found he needed to move about D．began to feet the need for food

正确答案：D

解析：此题为细节题。“恢复求生欲望的第一标志”是“对食物的需求”。第三段第一句中说Charles 求生的欲望回来了，因为他很饿。

58． Which of the following is NOT true according to the passage? A．The day was not too hot because clouds reduced the heat of the sun. B．He judged the boat was in no immediate danger of sinking.

C．The findings of the maps cheered him because he could see at once where he was.

D．Charles got rid of the body by raising it and allowing it to slide into the sea.

正确答案：C

解析：此题为细节题，短文结束时Charles 找到了一些地图，地图描绘得很精确，看着地图他似乎听到了人的声音，他不再感到寂寞。但是这并不意味着他知道了自己所处的方位。因此，正确答案是C。

The idea of building “New Towns” to absorb growth is frequently considered a cure—all for urban problems. It is wrongly assumed that if new residents can be diverted from existing centers, the present urban situation at least will get no worse. It is further and equally wrongly assumed that since European New Towns have been financially and socially successful, we can expect the same sorts of results in the United States. Present planning, thinking, and legislation will not produce the kinds of New Town that have been successful abroad. It will multiply suburbs or encourage developments in areas where land is cheap and construction profitable rather than where New Towns are genuinely needed. Such ill-considered projects not only will fall to relieve pressures on existing cities but will, in fact, tend to weaken those cities further by drawing away high-income citizens and increasing the concentration of lowincome groups that are unable to provide tax income. The remaining taxpayers, accordingly, will face increasing burdens, and industry and commerce will seek escape. Unfortunately, this mechanism is already at work in some metropolitan areas. The promoters of New Towns so far in the United States have been developers, builders, and financial institutions. The main interest of these promoters is economic gain. Furthermore, federal regulations designed to promote the New Town idea do not consider social needs as the European New Town plans do. In fact, our regulations specify virtually all the ingredients of the typical suburban community, with a bit of political rhetoric (修辞) thrown in. A

workable American New Town formula should be established as firmly here as the national formula was in Britain. All possible social and governmental innovations as well as financial factors should be thoroughly considered and accommodated (容纳)in this policy. Its objectives should be clearly stated, and both incentives and penalties should be provided to ensure that the objectives are pursued, If such a policy is developed, then the New Town approach can play an important role in alleviating America’s urban problems.

59． The writer thinks that the idea of building “New Town” in the U.S. ______. A．will help to solve the present urban situation

B．will produce the same sorts of results as does in Europe C．will by no means alleviate the urban problems

D．will prevent the present urban situation from getting worse

正确答案：C

解析：此题为细节题。作者在第一段就指出，人们错误地认为如果新居民能从现在的市中心搬出去，至少目前城市的状况不会再恶化。在第三段中指出，这些考虑不周的项目不但不会减轻目前城市的压力，而且事实上会使城市更糟。由此可以得知，C“决不会减轻城市的问题”应为正确答案。

60． Which of the following is not a side effect caused by building new towns? A．Industry and commerce will. move away from metropolitan area.

B．The present cities’ tax income will be reduced because high income citizens will move to new towns.

C．Low-income families will have better housing conditions.

D．The remaining citizens in the present cities will be faced with heavier tax burdens.

正确答案：C

解析：此题为是非题。文章第三段阐述了建造New Towns 的种种弊端，A、B、D都在其中，C项“低收入家庭将有更好的住房条件”与原句意思不同，因此应选C。

61． According to the writer, the advocators of New Towns in the U.S. ______. A．mainly have profit in mind

B．attach importance to social needs

C．hope to relieve pressures on existing cities D．intend to follow the European example

正确答案：A

解析：此题为细节题。作者在第四段指出，美国New Towns 的倡议者们至今都是那些开发商、建筑商以及金融机构，他们的主要兴趣在于经济利益。选项A“头脑中想的是利润”与句意相符，是正确答案。

62． The success of the New Town approach lies in the fact that ______. A．penalties will be given to those who are only interested in economic gain B．a policy with clear objectives will be developed C．promoters of New Towns will be encouraged

D．governmental innovations and financial factors will be thoroughly considered

正确答案：B 解析：此题为细节题。根据文章最后两句，在一个可行的美国新城镇规划中，应该明确阐明其目标，同时提供鼓励和惩罚手段来保证目标的实现。如果制定了这样的政策，那么新城镇方案在减轻美国的城市问题方面就能起重要的作用，由此可以判断，B为正确答案。

63． The writer’s attitude toward the present idea of building “New Towns”, is ______.

A．objective B．indifferent C．enthusiastic D．critical

正确答案：D

解析：此题为作者态度题。作者在对目前建造新城镇的看法进行评论时，用了非常明确的措词如ill-considered，wrongly 等来表明自己的态度。因此D最为合适。

Part V Cloze (15 minutes)Directions: There are 20 blanks in the following passage. For each blank there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. You should choose the ONE that best fits into the passage.

For the past two years, I have been working on students’ evaluation of classroom teaching. I have kept a record of informal conversations【C1】______some 300 students from at【C2】______twenty-one colleges and universities. The students were generally【C3】______and direct in their comments【C4】______how course work could be better【C5】______. Most of their remarks were kindly【C6】______—with tolerance rather than bitterness—and frequently were softened by the【C7】______that the students were speaking【C8】______some, not all, instructors. Nevertheless,【C9】______the following suggestions and comments indicate, students feel【C10】______with things as they are in the classroom. Professors should be【C11】______from reading lecture notes. “It makes their【C12】______monotonous (单调的).” If they are going to read, why not【C13】______out copies of the lecture? Then we【C14】______need to go to class. Professors should【C15】______repeating in lectures material that is in the textbook.”【C16】______we’ve read the material, we want to【C17】______it or hear it elaborated on,【C18】______repeated.” “A lot of students hate to buy a【C19】______text that the professor has written【C20】______to

have his lectures repeat it.”

64． 【C1】 A．involving B．counting C．covering D．figuring

正确答案：A

解析：综观全文，可知文章谈论的是学生对老师的评价，此空处于文章第二句，从前句得知，作者两年来一直从事学生评估老师的工作，根据上下文可知第二句是作者的工作内容和涉及的面。最适合的是involve一词。该题选项C是强干扰项，cover尽管有覆盖的意思，但主要指已完成的意思，放在此句不合适。B项count意为“数数字”，主语应当是人，D项figure作动词一般用于词组figure out，在此句不适合。故选A)。

65． 【C2】 A．best B．least C．length D．large

正确答案：B

解析：该空格后面是数字，根据前面的at可以判断，应当表示最少，而且其它选项如A项at best指的是程度，意为“充其量，最多，最佳状态”，而作者的意思是要说明其数据充分，有说服力，如选A项意思就反了；C项at length指“最终、详细”的意思，D项为“详尽，普遍”的意思，都不符题意。故选B)。

66． 【C3】 A．reserved

B．hard-working C．polite D．frank

正确答案：D

解析：该空格需要填的是形容词，而且从上下文的意思direct和kindly上可判断应当是褒义词，且意义要和这两个词相近，供选择的四个形容词中，reserved指“含蓄的”，和direct相悖， hard-working尽管是褒义的但不可修饰comments，而polite似乎适合，但是和frank相比，不够准确。故选D)。

67． 【C4】 A．over

B．at C．on D．of

正确答案：C 解析：该空格后面的介词应当是固定搭配comment on意为“对……的评论”。故选C项，其它选项均不适合。

68． 【C5】 A．presented B．submitted C．described D．written

正确答案：A 解析：该空格所在的句子所涉及的是学生对于老师的课如何得以上得更好加以评论，在这个宾语从句”how course work could be better ”中，主语是课程course work，谓语动词 (被动语态)应当是“教”的意思，供选择的四个词中，较明显错误的是B项submit指“提交 (报告，申请之类)”，write和describe都是“写”，根据全文及上下文的意思，可知不是评论的编写课程(即便是编写，用compile更合适)。动词present有“呈现，展示”之意，展示课程，就是授课，故选A)。

69． 【C6】 A．received B．addressed C．made D．taken

正确答案：C

解析：该空格要填的是动词的过去分词(被动语态)，remark是“评论”的意思，和它所搭配的谓语动词，应当是make，make a kind and frank remark，所以选项C最合适。句中指学生对老师授课的评论是善意的、坦率的，如果选A项或D项就反了，指老师对学生的评语善意接受， address作动词用时为“致辞，演说，写姓名地址，从事，处理”的意思，和A项的错误性质相同。

70． 【C7】 A．occasion B．truth C．case D．fact

正确答案：C

解析：该空格要填的是名词，在句中要符合句意“学生的评语往往变得比较柔和，因为是这样 的状况：他们的评论所涉及的只是部分老师”，C项case为

“情形；状况”的意思，综合文章的 意思和所提供的选项，所以选C。选项D是强干扰项，尽管是“事实”，但这里主要指的“状况”。而truth(真理)和occasion(场合，时间)填在这里就是显见的错误。

71． 【C8】 A．on B．about C．at D．with

正确答案：B

解析：根据上下文，该空格要填的是学生谈论所涉及的人，即他们所评论的老师，而不是和他们谈话的人，要用about，故选B)。

72． 【C9】 A．though B．as

C．whether D．if

正确答案：B

解析：从语法的角度看，students前只是逗号，所以该空格所在的句子是主从复合句，空格处应当填连词as，意思为“正如以下的建议和评论所暗示的,…．”，故选B。其他三个选项都不对，因为indicate后面没有带宾语。

73． 【C10】 A．dissatisfied B．unsatisfactory C．satisfied D．satisfactory

正确答案：A

解析：根据上一行的nevertheless，可以判断，所要填的词和前文的意思相反，前面讲了学生的评论是善意的、柔和的，所以空格处所要填的词是指不太满意的，据此排除选项C和D，学生感到不满，主语是students时，“不满”应当用dissatisfied，而unsatisfactory指“不能令人满意的”，故选A)。

74． 【C11】 A．interfered B．interrupted C．discouraged D．disturbed

正确答案：C

解析：该空格要填的是动词的过去分词(被动语态)，意思是学生不希望老师在课堂上念讲稿。要注意的后面的from，能够和from搭配而且意思准确的只有discourage，discourage sb． from doing sth．指“不鼓励、不希望某人做某事”，故选C)。动词interfere后接with。

75． 【C12】 A．voices B．sounds

C．pronunciation D．gestures

正确答案：A

解析：该空格要填的是名词，而且能够用monotonous修饰，再根据上下文，老师上课念讲稿，文章没有涉及手势，所以排除选项D，也不是指老师讲课的发音，所以排除选项C，人说话的声音用voice，所以排除选项B，故选A)。

76． 【C13】 A．hold B．leave C．drop D．give

正确答案：D

解析：该空格要填的是动词，和后面的out组成词组，表示“分发”的意思，四个选项中只有give适合，因为give out就是分发的意思。故选D)。

77． 【C14】 A．couldn’t B．wouldn’t C．mustn’t D．shouldn’t

正确答案：D

解析：should可代表有个人感情色彩，且表将来发生的事情的可能性，根据上文”If they are going to read”，句意为“如果老师上课念讲稿，那么学生就可以不必到课堂了。”，故选D)。其他三个选项都不表示对将来的事情的判断，所以都不对。

78． 【C15】 A．refuse B．prohibit C．prevent D．avoid

正确答案：D 解析：该空格所在的句子所表达的意思是“老师不要在课堂上读课本里的内容。”A项refuse 后接动词不定式，B项和C项后面都接from再加动名词，构成prohibit from doing sth．和 prevent from doing sth．，只有avoid后面直接接动名词，构成avoid doing sth.，故选D)。

79． 【C16】 A．Once B．Until C．However D．Unless

正确答案：A

解析：该空格所在的句子所表达的意思是；“一旦我们读过了材料，我们希望讨论它或是听到详尽的说明，而不是简单的重复”。D项unless，意思不符，没有读过，就无从重复；B项until错在时间的先后顺序反了；C项表转折，不符合上下文，意义上应当是顺接，而且该空后面的句子按语法应当是主从复合句。故选A)。

80． 【C17】 A．remember B．argue C．discuss D．keep

正确答案：C

解析：参照上一题，根据句意，学生已读过书本材料，所以希望讨论所读过时内容。首先要排除选项B，因为argue是不及物动词，选项D意思不合，选项A是强干扰项，但记忆不是课堂上的任务。故选C)。

81． 【C18】 A．yet B．not C．and D．or

正确答案：B

解析：参照上两题，根据句意，应当是否定的，故选B)。

82． 【C19】 A．desired B．revised C．required D．deserved

正确答案：C 解析：该空格所在的句子和前一句都是学生对一些老师的抱怨。这一句指许多学生不喜欢按要求买老师写的书，结果发现老师上课重复这些内容。学生用的教材是由老师指定的要求买的，不一定是学生所希望要的，所以选项A不适合，也不一定是经过修改的，所以选项B也不适合，选项D指的是值得的，如果要表示书是值得用的应当用deserving。故选C)。

83． 【C20】 A．about B．how C．but D．only

正确答案：D

解析：该空格涉及一种固定用法，only to后接动词表示“不料竟会……，没想到会……”，本句指学生没想到老师课堂重复书本内容，故选D)。

Part VI Translation (5 minutes)Directions: Complete the sentences in the blanks by translating into English the Chinese given in brackets.

84． It is of great significance for a government to ____________(作出努力) conserve endangered culture and language.

正确答案：make efforts to

85． The tourist industry has played a positive role in____________(满足公众的文化需求), carrying forward national culture and achieving the sustainable development of resources.

正确答案：meeting the cultural needs of the public

86． Full-time housewives sometimes____________(感到孤独和抑郁)for lack of communication with the outside world.

正确答案：feel isolated and moody/feel lonely and depressed

87． The disappearance of some species_____________(打破生态平衡) because the food web is destroyed.

正确答案：breaks the ecological balance

88． Animal testing is a cruel and uncivilized practice that ____________(剥夺了动物的生存权利).

正确答案：robs animals of their right of existence