最新《八年级英语上册语法填空》单元测试题(含答案) 经典1

一、八年级英语上册语法填空专项练习（含答案解析）

1．阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的词，或填入括号中所给单词的正确形式（最多限填3个单词）。

When I was a little girl, I wanted to be an English ________ （teach）. When I grew up a little bit, I had great interests in ________. I loved going to concerts（音乐会） with my friends and reading music books and ________ （magazine）. During my last few months at high school, my dream was to ________ a reporter for a music publication（刊物）. ________ I learned writing in college. But my teacher said my writing was terrible, and I ________ not be a good reporter. My friends also told me it was difficult ________ （find） a reporter job. Then I began ________ （learn） public relation（公共关系）, because I enjoyed ________ （talk） with people.

But now I work as an editor for a newspaper, I got the job because of my ________ （write） skills. So don't let anyone tell you that you can't be what you want to be.

【答案】 teacher；music；magazines；be/become；So；could；to find；to learn；talking；writing

【解析】【分析】文章大意：我小的时候想当一位英语老师。后来我对音乐很感兴趣，我想为一家音乐刊物当记者。我现在是一家报纸的编辑。

（1）句意：当我还是个小女孩的时候，我想当一名英语老师。teach，教，动词；由文中的语句I want to be an English…提示可知此句表示想成为一名英语老师，teacher，可数名词，由an提示要用单数形式，故答案为teacher。

（2）句意：当我长大一点的时候，我对音乐有很大的兴趣。根据后文的语句I loved going to concerts（音乐会） with my friends and reading music books提示可知，我对音乐感兴趣，music，不可数名词，故填music。

（3）句意：我喜欢和朋友们一起去听音乐会，读音乐书籍和杂志。magazine，可数名词，杂志由前面books提示要用复数形式，故答案为magazines。

（4）句意：在高中的最后几个月里，我的梦想是成为一家音乐刊物的记者。根据文中的my dream及a reporter的提示可知，此句表示想成为记者。be或become，动词，前面有不定式符号to，故答案为be或become。

（5）句意：所以我在大学里学习了写作。根据上文中的my dream was to be a reporter提示可知，在大学里学习写作是结果，要用连词so，故填So。

（6）句意：但我的老师说我的写作很糟糕，我不会是一个好记者。根据上文语句But my teacher said my writing was terrible, 提示可知，此句表示我不可能成为一名好的记者，要用情态动词can，因表示过去，故答案为could。

（7）句意：我的朋友也告诉我很难找到一份记者的工作。固定句型结构it's+形容词+to do sth，做某事怎样，此句需要动词不定式，find，找到，发现，动词，故填to find。 （8）句意：后来我开始学习公共关系，因为我喜欢与人交谈。①learn，学习；begin to do sth，开始做某事，故填to learn；②talk，谈话；enjoy doing sth，喜欢做某事，故填talking。

（9）句意：我得到这份工作是因为我的写作能力。write，写作，动词。由because of可知，后面要用名词，或代词。writing skill，写作能力，故填writing。

【点评】考查语法填空。答题时要跳过空格通读全文，了解大意，然后根据语境及所给单词的提示对所缺部分逐一解答，注意要考虑句型、语法、搭配、语境等因素，最后通读一遍，并逐一验证。

2．阅读下面短文，按照句子结构的语法性和上下文连贯的要求，在空白处填入一个适当的词或使用括号中词语的正确形式填空。

The friendship between humans and dogs probably began 14, 000 years ago. Here is ________ example of a dog's life in the human world today.

Jessie is Nancy's pet dog. She is just ________a member of Nancy's family. Nancy looks after her very________（care）. Jessie can always find ________ delicious in her bowl when she is hungry. Every day, Nancy ________（prepare） meat, chicken and different kinds of vegetables for her. Jessie also has yogurt and two ________（spoon） of honey after dinner. After that, they go out for a walk. Nancy's husband is a famous doctor and________（they） only son is away in Beijing,________she has enough time and money to look after Jessi, and she really enjoys ________ （do） it. \"I want to give her the healthiest and ________（wonderful） life as long as possible!\" she says.

【答案】 an；like；carefully；something；prepares；spoons；their；so；doing；（the） most wonderful

【解析】【分析】本文讲述了一只狗的生活起居。

（1）句意：这儿是一个今天在人类社会里一只狗的生活。根据下文提到一只狗的生活，可知空缺处的意义为一只，填入an，故答案an。

（2）句意：它就像南希家庭的一员。根据根据后文提到南希对它有多好，可知它被当成一家人，故填入like，短语，be like，像，故答案为like。

（3）句意：南希很细心的照顾它。根据空缺处修饰look after，可知应该填入副词形式，故答案为carefully。

（4）句意：当她很饿的时候，她总是可以在碗里找到美味的食物。根据空缺处的意义可知，为一些东西，填入something，故答案为something。

（5）句意：每天，南希喂他准备肉，鸡肉，和各种不同种类的蔬菜。根据 Every day ， 可知用一般现在时，主语是 Nancy，第三人称单数，故谓语动词用单三式，故答案为prepares。

（6）句意：吃饭后，Jessie有牛奶和2勺蜂蜜喝。根据空缺处前面有two，可知用复数，填入spoons，故答案为spoons。

（7）句意：他们唯一的儿子在北京。根据空缺处修饰som，可知填入形物代，填入their，故答案为their。

（8）句意：因此她有足够的时间和金钱照顾Jessi。根据该句和前面的句子构成因果关系，可知空缺处填入so，故答案为so。

（9）句意：她真的很喜欢做这件事。根据短语enjoy doing sth，喜欢做某事，故答案为

doing。

（10）句意：我想给她最健康和最好的生活。根据空缺处前面用了最高级，可知这里用最高级，填入the most wonderful，故答案为the most wonderful。

【点评】本文考查了语法填空，做此类题时，注意熟记相关语法点和短语，结合上下文，选出正确的选项， 给出单词正确的形式。

3．阅读下面短文，按照句子结构的语法性和上下文连贯的要求，在空格处填入一个适当的词或使用括号中词语的正确形式填空。（每空不多于3个单词）

The Internet is very important in our life. But do you know about________ （it） history？The Internet can't work without computers. Enid invented（发明） the ________ （one） computer in 1946. But it was large and heavy. It was as large as________ room. In the 1960s, the ________（scientist） started to study the Internet. At that time, only the army（） could use it________（save）, send and receive information .In the 1970s, the Internet came ________ offices, banks, hospitals and so on. Computers were still very expensive ________ the Internet was difficult to use. ________people couldn't use it at that time. In the 1990s, scientists made it into use and it soon ________（become） popular. Today it is easy to get online and millions of people use the Internet in China every day. Sending e-mails is more and more popular among people. The Internet is becoming one of the________ （important） parts of people's life.

The Internet really makes our life happy, easy and colorful.

【答案】 its；first；a；scientists；to save；into；and；Most；became；most important 【解析】【分析】主要讲了因特网的历史。

（1）句意：但是你知道它的历史吗？history是名词，前面用形容词性物主代词修饰，it的形容词性物主代词是its，故填its。

（2）句意：Enid在19年发明了第一个计算机。the+序数词，one的序数词是first，故填first。

（3）句意：它和一个房子那样大。room是单数，以辅音音素开头，所以用a，故填a。 （4）句意：科学家们开始研究因特网。根据句意可知是多个科学家，所以用复数scientists，故填scientists。

（5）句意：仅仅可以用它保存、发送和接受信息。use sth. to do sth.用......做某事，故填to save。

（6）句意：因特网进入办公室.银行和医院等等。come into进入，故填into。

（7）句意：计算机仍然是非常昂贵的，并且因特网是难用的。根据句意可知表示顺承，所以用and，故填and。

（8）句意：在那时大部分人不能用它。most people大部分人，故填Most。

（9）句意：它很快变得受欢迎。made是过去式，所以become也用过去式became，故填became。

（10）句意：因特网正在成为人们生活中最重要的部分。one of+the+形容词最高级+可数名词复数，最……之一，important的最高级是the most important，故填most important。 【点评】考查语法填空，考查词汇在语篇中的运用能力，首先理解文章大意，然后细读文章字斟句酌逐一作答。注意考虑句型、搭配、语境等，最后通读一遍检查验证。

4．阅读下面短文，按照句子结构的语法性和上下文连贯的要求，在空格处填入一个适当的词或使用括号中词语的正确形式（最多限填三个单词）填空。

Talent shows are getting more and more popular. Now there are many ________ （kind） of talent shows in China. Many people make their ________ （dream） come true by joining them. ________ example, Li Xiaojiao, ________ English teacher from Chongqing, joined Chinese Dream Show. She is ________ （talent） in music. She sings ________ （well） than any other teacher in her school and is good at ________（sing） English songs . She is also outgoing. Her show made a lot of people like her. At last, she got the ________（one） prize . At the same time, this show also changed ________（she）life. She is successful not only because she's got great talent, but also she works hard. I believe everyone can be successful as ________as you work hard. 【答案】kinds；dreams；For；an；talented；better；singing；first；her；long 【解析】【分析】大意：短文主要介绍了中国的才艺节目。

（1）句意：现在在中国有很多种才艺节目。形容词many后接可数名词复数。故答案为kinds。

（2）句意：很多人通过参加节目实现了自己的梦想。根据主语many people可知，应用复数。故答案为dreams。

（3）句意：例如。固定短语for example表例如。故答案为for。

（4）句意：李晓娇，一个来自重庆的英语老师。teacher为单数且为第一次出现，前面需要不定冠词；English为元音音素开头。故答案为an。

（5）句意：她在音乐上有天赋。固定搭配be talented in sth.在某事上有天赋。故答案为talented。

（6）句意：她在学校里比任何老师都唱得好。根据比较连词than可知，此处应用副词well的比较级better。故答案为better。

（7）句意：她擅长唱英文歌。固定搭配be good at doing sth.擅长做某事。故答案为singing。

（8）句意：最后，她得了一等奖。定冠词the后接序数词，one的序数词是first，第一。

故答案为first。

（9）句意：同时，这个节目也改变了她的生活。形容词性物主代词修饰名词，she的形容词性物主代词为her。故答案为her。

（10）句意：只要你努力，我相信每个人都会成功。固定搭配as long as只要。故答案为long。

【点评】考查语法填空。答题时首先跳过空格通读文章掌握文章大意，然后细读文章仔细斟酌答案，注意考虑句型、时态等因素，填写单词的正确形式。

5．阅读下面的材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内所给单词的正确形式。

Reading is a good hobby for all kinds of reasons.

First, reading is ________ （education）. You can always keep yourself happy ________ you like reading. You will never feel ________ （boring） or tired.

Next，you can read a book anywhere in a car, ________a plane, or even in the bathroom. All you need ________ （be） a book.

Another good reason for reading is that it is ________ （use）. If you regard reading as a hobby, you will get better and be better at it. And you will read ________ （fast） and find it easier to understand ________ you read. As your reading skills improve, you will find your schoolwork becomes much easier.

Some people say that reading is out of date. This is not true. You can read on computers, and the better you read, the better your computer skills will be.

Good ________ （learn） may become writers, too. They always have more things ________ （write） about. Reading is a wonderful hobby. Why not start reading right now? 【答案】 educational ；if ；bored ；on ；is ；useful ；faster ；what

；learners；to write

【解析】【分析】主要讲了阅读是一种好的爱好的原因。

（1）句意：首先，阅读是有教育意义的。be+形容词，education是名词，其形容词是educational，故填educational。

（2）句意：你可以总是保持愉悦，如果你喜欢阅读。根据句意可知前后阅读是保持开心的条件，如果，if，引导条件状语从句，故填if。

（3）句意：你将永远不会感到无聊。主语是you，指人，以ing结尾的形容词修饰物，以

ed结尾的形容词修饰人，boring修饰物，bored修饰人，故填bored。

（4）句意：你可以在车上、飞机上的任何地方，甚至在卫生间读书。on a plane，在飞机上，故填on。

（5）句意：所有你需要的仅仅是一本书。主语是单数book，所以用is，故填is。 （6）句意：读书的另一个英语是它是有用的。be+形容词，use的形容词是useful，故填useful。

（7）句意：你将读得更快。根据后句easier是比较级，所以fast用比较级faster，故填faster。

（8）句意：并且发现更容易理解你读得内容。根据句意可知是宾语从句，所以用what，指读得内容，故填what。

（9）句意：好的学习者也可能成为作家。writers是名词，指人，所以learn用表示人的名词，即学习者learner，writers是复数，所以learner也用复数learners，故填learners。 （10）句意：他们总是有写的更多的东西。things是名词，to do不定式做定语，故填to write。

【点评】考查语法填空，考查词汇在语篇中的运用能力。注意理解句意，首先读一遍，然后再逐一作答。注意句型、搭配、短语及语境。

6．语法填空

I had a great winter vacation last year. I went to the mountains ________ my family and we stayed with some friends. ________ （they） house was really big, with lots of trees around it. You could get lost very ________ （easy）.

Last year, the weather was very bad. It was windy, wet and snowy. ________, the mountains were beautiful. I love climbing, so we climbed every day. I took quite a few ________ （photo）, usually of different animals.

The countryside was very quiet, but across from the house there was ________ farm. The farmer had many cows, and they were ________ （loud） than cars! Every day we walked to the farm to get milk. It was so delicious!

There was a village that I ________ （ride） my bike to. It was very small. There wasn't anywhere to go shopping, but it was the best place ________ （go） on vacation! I even met two women from Canada. We are now friends. In ________ （fact）, we are the same in many ways.

【答案】 with；Their；easily；However；photos；a；louder；rode；to go；fact 【解析】【分析】主要讲了去年寒假的经历。

（1）句意：我和我的家人去爬山。根据句意可知是和家人去的，所以用with，和……，表伴随，故填with。

（2）句意：他们的房子是真大。house是名词，所以前面用形容词性物主代词修饰，they是主格，其形容词性物主代词是their，故填Their。

（3）句意：你可能很容易迷路。get lost是实义动词短语，副词修饰实义动词，easy的副词是easily，故填easily。

（4）句意：然而，山是漂亮的。根据前句the weather was very bad.可知天气是糟糕的，但是山却很漂亮，根据逗号可知用however，但是，故填However。

（5）句意：我拍了许多照片。quite a few后面用可数名词复数，photo的复数是photos，故填photos。

（6）句意：但是房子对面有个农场。farm是可数名词单数，以辅音音素开头，所以用a，故填a。

（7）句意：它们比车更大声。than是比较级的标志词，所以用比较级louder，故填louder。

（8）句意：有一个我骑自行车去的村庄。was表明时态是一般过去时，所以ride用过去式rode，故填rode。

（9）句意：但是它是度假的最好的地方。the best place to do sth.做某事的最好地方，动词不定式to do表目的，故填to go。

（10）句意：事实上，我们在许多方面是相同的。in fact事实上，故填fact。

【点评】考查语法填空，考查词汇在语篇中的运用能力，首先理解文章大意，然后细读文章字斟句酌逐一作答。注意考虑句型、搭配、语境等，最后通读一遍检查验证。

7．阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的词，或填入括号中所给单词的正确形式。 Trying to stay healthy seems to be a difficult thing for us. To have ________healthy lifestyle, there is no ________（good） way than to encourage the whole family to have a healthy lifestyle.

When others do the same ________（activity） as us, we can encourage each other to keep doing. If ________get your family to be interested in doing exercise and eating ________（healthy）, you will be fit and healthy quicker than you think.

When you go shopping, only buy healthy food. Buy vegetables and fruit rather than junk food like chips. Try different kinds of foods and try ________（eat） more at home.

Don't think ________food as some kinds of entertainment（娱乐）. We may often meet our friends for lunch. In fact, there are many other things you can do with friends. How about ________ （meet） friends for a football game rather than meeting for lunch? You can still eat, ________the activity doesn't have to focus（集中）on food. The food is less important than the fun activity.

Looking after your health should not be boring. ________（start） now.

【答案】 A；better；activities；you；healthily；to eat；of；meeting；but；Start 【解析】【分析】大意：本文主要介绍了如何拥有一个健康的生活方式。

（1） 句意：为了拥有一个健康的生活方式。根据lifestyle为首次出现的单数名词，healthy为辅音音素开头，前面应加不定冠词a。故答案为a。

（2） 句意：没有比鼓励全家拥有健康的生活方式更好的办法了。根据比较连词than可知，此处应用good的比较级better。故答案为better。

（3） 句意：当别人跟我们做一样的活动的时候，我们可以互相鼓励坚持做。根据activity不止一个可知，此处应用可数名词复数activities。故答案为activities。

（4） 句意：如果你让你的家人对做运动感兴趣并吃得健康。根据your family，可知应该是你you。故答案为you。

（5） 句意：如果你让你的家人对做运动感兴趣并吃得健康。副词修饰动词，healthy的副词形式为healthily。故答案为healthily。

（6）句意：尝试不同的事物，尝试更多地在家吃。固定搭配try to do sth.尝试去做某事。故答案为to eat。

（7）句意：不要把事物认为是某种娱乐。固定搭配think of认为是。故答案为of。 （8）句意：跟朋友因为足球赛而不是因为午餐见面怎么样？介词about后接动词ing形式。故答案为meeting。

（9）句意：你依然可以吃，但活动不要都集中于食物。前句和后句为转折关系，用连词but，表转折，故答案为but。

（10） 句意：现在开始吧。祈使句，表呼吁，因此用动词原形，句首首字母大写，故答案为Start。

【点评】考查语法填空。答题时首先跳过空格通读文章掌握文章大意，然后细读文章仔细斟酌答案，注意考虑句型、时态等因素，填写单词的正确形式。

8．阅读下面短文，在空格处填入一个适当的词或使用括号中词语的正确形式（每空不多于两个单词）。

It's not often sunny in Paris, but people still love to walk along the banks of the Seine. They love the city's old buildings,________（especial） Notre Dame Cathedral（巴黎圣母院）. Unluckily, that view ________（go） since April 16th, 2019.

On April 16, a fire destroyed the 850-year-old cathedral, and two-thirds of the roof. The fire________（shock） Parisians. People came together to the church,________（sing） songs and praying （祈祷）for the hundreds of firefighters who fought the flames. \"Notre Dame, not only to Catholics, ________to all Parisians means a lot,\" wrote by ________author, \"It's a symbol of French culture and history.\" That's ________ people felt sad. The church itself, after all, is a treasure. It was built in 1163 and after Notre Dame, churches in Europe were built ________ （tall） and looked more beautiful. Though Notre Dame had a long history and many ________（treasure）, Victor Hugo, a writer, made the church truly famous. His novel, The Hunchback of Notre-Dame, presented the building to us. He wrote the book to remind people ________ it, with hope they would work to protect the beautiful old buildings of Paris. 【答案】 especially；has gone；shocked；singing；but；an；why；taller；treasures；of 【解析】【分析】主要讲了被大火烧掉的巴黎圣母院。

（1）句意：他们喜欢这个城市古老的建筑物，尤其是巴黎圣母院。尤其是用especially，故填especially。

（2）句意：不幸运的是，那个景色自从2019年4月16日就已经消失了。since引导的时间状语从句，从句用一般过去时，主句用现在完成时，句子是主句，所以用现在完成时，结构是have/has+动词过去分词，主语是单数view，所以用has，go的过去分词是gone，

故填has gone。

（3）句意：这场大火震惊了巴黎人。时态是一般过去时，所以用过去式shocked，故填shocked。

（4）句意：人们一起来到教堂，唱歌和为救火的数百名消防战士祈祷。and连接并列成分，praying是ing，所以sing也用ing，即singing，故填singing。

（5）句意：“巴黎圣母院，不仅仅对天主教徒，而且对巴黎人意义重大。”not only...but（also）...不仅……而且……，故填but。

（6）句意：由一名作家所写“它是法国文化和历史的象征。”author是可数名词，以元音音素开头，所以用an，故填an。

（7）句意：那是人们为什么感到悲伤的原因。that's why+句子，表示那是为什么……的原因，故填why。

（8）句意：欧洲的教堂被建立的更高和看起来更漂亮。and表并列，前后单词用法一致，more beautiful，比较级，所以tall也用比较级taller，故填taller。

（9）句意：尽管巴黎圣母院有长的历史和许多珠宝。many修饰可数名词复数，treasure的复数是treasures，故填treasures。

（10）句意：他写这本书使他们想起它。remind sb. of sth.，使某人想起……，故填of。 【点评】考查语法填空，考查词汇在语篇中的运用能力。注意理解句意，首先读一遍，然后再逐一作答。注意句型、搭配、短语及语境。

二、八年级英语上册阅读理解专项练习（含答案解析）

9．阅读理解

It was Tom's birthday, and he was five years old. He got quite a lot of presents from his family. His grandpa gave him a beautiful big drum（鼓）. Of all the presents, Tom liked his drum best. He made terrible noise with it, but his mother didn't mind. His father was working in the daytime and Tom was in bed when he got home in the evening. So he didn't hear the noise. But one of his neighbors didn't like the noise. So one morning she took a knife and went to Tom's house when he was hitting his drum. She said to him, “Hello, Tom, do you know there is something very nice inside your drum? Here is a knife. Open the drum and let's find it.” （1）How old was Tom?

A. He was fifteen years old. B. He was five. C. He was fifty. D. He was half past five. （2）What did his mother think of his making terrible noise with the drum?

A. She couldn't stand it. B. She was pleased（满意） with his behavior（行为）.

C. She didn't mind. D. We don't know. （3）Who didn't like the noise?

A. Tom's mother. B. Tom's neighbor. C. Tom's father. D. Tom's grandpa.

（4）How did Tom's neighbor deal with（处理） his drum? A. She lied to Tom that something nice was inside his drum. B. She cut the drum open with a knife. C. She called the police. D. She didn't mind it.

（5）Was there anything very nice in the drum really?

A. No，there was. B. Yes，there wasn't. C. No，there wasn't. D. Yes，there was. 【答案】 （1）B （2）C （3）B （4）A （5）C

【解析】【分析】主要讲了Tom5岁生日是爷爷送给他一个鼓，并且敲鼓弄出噪音，邻居不喜欢，并且告诉他鼓里面有好东西。

（1）细节题。根据and he was five years old.可知Tom5岁了，故选B。 （2）细节题。根据but his mother didn't mind.可知Tom的妈妈不介意，故选C。 （3）细节题。根据But one of his neighbors didn't like the noise可知Tom的邻居不喜欢，故选B。

（4）细节题。根据She said to him, “Hello, Tom, do you know there is something very nice inside your drum?可知邻居骗Tom说里面有好东西，故选A。

（5）细节题。根据She said to him, “Hello, Tom, do you know there is something very nice inside your drum?可知鼓里面没有好东西，故选C。

【点评】考查阅读理解，主要考查细节题，注意从文中仔细寻找答案。

10．根据短文理解选择正确答案。

A

Many animals do strange things before an earthquake. This news may be important. Earthquakes can kill people and knock down homes. The animals may help to save lives. Some animals make a lot of noise before an earthquake. Farmers have told about this. Dogs that are usually quiet have started to bark（吠）. Horses on farms have run around in circles. Mice have left their holes and run away. Cows have given less milk.

In a town in Italy, cats raced down the street in a group. That happened only a few hours before an earthquake. In San Francisco, a man kept tiny pet frogs. One Sunday, the frogs jumped around more than ever. They made loud noises, like bigger frogs. That night, an earthquake struck the city.

People want to know when an earthquake is coming. Then they could get away safely. Right now, there is no sure way to know ahead of time. Maybe the best idea is watching the animals. （1）This passage is mainly about _____.

A. how animals act before an earthquake B. how an earthquake starts C. how mice leave their homes D. how animals live every day （2）Before the earthquake in Italy, quiet dogs _____.

A. ran away B. started to bark C. climbed trees D. jump into the water （3）Before the earthquake in Italy, the frogs _____.

A. sang B. jumped into the water C. died D. jumped around a lot 【答案】 （1）A （2）B （3）D

【解析】【分析】短文大意：在地震发生之前，许多动物会有奇怪的举动，这条消息也许很重要。地震会使很多人丧生，使许多房屋毁坏，动物也许能帮助挽救这些生命。各种动物在地震发生前会有各种奇怪的举动，人们都想知道什么时候会发生地震，以便于安全地躲避，但是目前还没有确切的预测地震的方法，也许最好的办法就是观察动物了。

（1）通读全文可知这篇文章是关于地震发生之前各种动物的奇怪的举动，故选A。 （2）根据文章的第二段Dogs that are usually quiet have started to bark（吠）. 可知“地震发生前，原本安静的狗狗会开始狂吠”，故选B。

（3）根据第三段内容One Sunday, the frogs jumped around more than ever. 可知选D。 【点评】这是一篇科普类短文阅读，讲述了地震发生前，各种动物的奇怪举动，文章比较简单，三个小题的答案都能在文章中找到对应的语句。

11．根据短文理解选择正确答案。

A

A man was mending a street lamp when he saw a pretty young woman and three children get into a car which was in the garden of a house near him. He saw that the car had a flat tyre, and tried to warn the woman, but it was too late—she was already driving the car out of the garden, and into the busy street. When she had got there, she stopped the car at the side of the street, got out and looked at the flat tyre. The children stayed in the car. Very soon another car stopped, and the driver offered to help her. The young woman accepted his offer, and the man changed the tyre for her.

When she had thanked him and he had gone, she drove the car back into the garden, got out with the children and went back to her work in the house –with clean hands. （1）This story is mainly about _________.

A. a man who was mending a street lamp B. a man who offered help to a pretty young lady C. a pretty young lady who had her car repaired

D. three children who stayed in the car

（2）From the passage, we can see that the story might be told by _______.

A. a pretty young lady B. a man who was mending a street lamp C. a warm-hearted man who offered help D. a man who is not mentioned in the story （3）What kind of expression was on the lady's face after the man who offered help left?

A. Anger. B. Thankfulness. C. Pleasure. D. Sadness. （4）From the passage, we can infer that _______.

A. only when the young lady arrived in the busy street did she find the tyre flat

B. the young lady knew what had happened to the tyre even before she went to the busy street C. the young lady didn't know the tyre was flat until her children told her

D. if the young lady had heard the man who was mending the street lamp, she would have the car repaired before she went to the busy street

（5）Which of the following is true according to the story?

A. The young lady and her children were going to a garage to have the car repaired. B. The young lady and her children were going to take a trip when she found the tyre flat. C. The young lady herself could not repair the tyre of the car at home.

D. The young lady drove the car with a tyre flat into the busy street on purpose. She wanted to have it repaired there. 【答案】 （1）C （2）D （3）C （4）B （5）D

【解析】【分析】短文大意：一个年轻人正在修路路灯时看见一个漂亮的年轻女子带着三个孩子上了一辆汽车，他看到这辆车有一个轮胎瘪了，他想要告诉这个女子，但是太晚了，她已经把车开出院子驶进了拥挤的街道。她不得不把车停在路边，这是另一位司机向她伸出了援助之手，为她换了车胎。女子谢过司机，把车又开回了院子，带着三个孩子下了车—手上干干净净的。

（1）通读全文可知是另一位司机帮助年轻女子换下了瘪胎，自己手上干干净净的，说你她自己没有动手修理，故选C。

（2）文章以 A man was mending a street lamp when he saw a pretty young woman and three children get into a car……开头，可知选D。

（3）Anger 生气，发怒，Thankfulness.感激，Pleasure.高兴，Sadness.伤心，从文章结尾 When she had thanked him and he had gone, she drove the car back into the garden, got out with the children and went back to her work in the house –with clean hands.女子车胎瘪了却手

上干干净净地开着车带着孩子回家了，应该是“高兴，开心”，故选C。

（4）从文章描述女子开车出去到回来的表情可知女子开车出去没有干任何别的事，只是把车停在路边等另一位好心的司机帮她换下瘪胎，然后开车回来继续干家务了，可以推断女子在开车出门之前就知道车胎瘪了，故选 B。

（5）同读文章可知年轻女子故意把带有一个瘪胎的车开到拥挤的街道上，是想在那里找人帮她修车，故选D。

【点评】这篇文章稍微有点难度，个别小题需要根据相关内容进行推理总结。首先要认真阅读短文，注意前后联系，掌握短文大意，然后带着问题再读短文，找出相关段落，分析总结，判断出正确选项。

12．阅读理解

It seems very natural that if you have two dollars and add two dollars to them, you have four dollars. But do you know it too men millions of years to be able to think so? In fact, one of the most difficult things to teach children is the idea of numbers.

In ancient times, when a man wanted to tell how many animals he owned. he had no system（系统） of numbers to use. He put a stone into a bag for each animal. The more animals, the more stones he had. It may explain why the word \"calculate\" comes from the Latin word \"calculus\

Then, man used lines to count. People would just draw a line for each thing they wanted to count, but they had no word to tell the number.

Later on, people used fingers. Again we have word that goes back to this. The word \"digit\" comes from the Latin word \"digitus\". It means \"finger\"! And the fact that we have 10 fingers led to the use of 10 in the system of numbers.

The number system we use today was invented by the Hindus in India thousands of years ago and was brought to Europe during 8th to 11th by Arab traders（商人）. In this system, people count things with ten numbers. 1. 2.3.4.5.6.7.8.9.and 0. It is decimal system（十进制）, that is, it is built on the base of 10.

（1）How many ways of counting things are introduced to us in the passage？ A. One. B. Two. C. Three. D. Four. （2）If A and B each drew four lines to count their own sheep. how many sheep did they have together？

A. Four. B. Six. C. Eight. D. Ten. （3）Why do people use 10 in the system of numbers？ A. Because 10 is a popular number. B. Because we only have 10 fingers.

C. Because we have no word to tell the number. D. Because we have no system of numbers to use.

（4）Which of the following can be the best title of the passage？ A. Numbers and trading B. Ways of counting In Modern Times C. Animals and calculating D. Development of counting System

【答案】 （1）D （2）C （3）B （4）D

【解析】【分析】大意:本文讲述数数系统的发展，最早用石头计数，然后用画线计数，在后来，人们用手指计数，如今我们用十进制。

（1）细节题。根据 He put a stone into a bag for each animal. The more animals, the more stones he had. Then, man used lines to count. Later on, people used fingers. It is decimal system（十进制）.可知，最早用石头计数，然后用画线计数，在后来，人们用手指计数，如今我们用十进制，故选D。

（2）细节题。根据People would just draw a line for each thing they wanted to count, 可知，人们数一个东西用一条线，A和B每人画4条线，共线，代表他们有八只羊，故选C。

（3）推断题。根据 And the fact that we have 10 fingers led to the use of 10 in the system of numbers.It is decimal system（十进制）, it is built on the base of 10.可知，我们有10个手指，导致数字10的使用，十进制是在10的基础上产生的，由此推出我们在数字系统中使用10是因为我只有10个手指，故选B。

（4）主旨题。本文讲述数数系统的发展，最早用石头计数，然后用画线计数，在后来，人们用手指计数，如今我们用十进制，故选D。

【点评】考查阅读理解能力，细节题、推断题和主旨题是阅读理解题中常考题型。细节题要从文中寻找答案；推断题需要根据上下文，推断出需要的信息；主旨题需要通读全文，了解大意之后找出中心思想。

13．阅读短文，从下面每题的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳答案。 George: What are you doing? User: Saying hello to you. George: Are you a monkey? User: Do you think monkeys can type? George: Sure. User: Are you a monkey?

George: Do you think monkeys can type? User: You told me they could.

This is a conversation between a human \"user\" and a computer. The computer was made to be as human as possible. It was taught to talk to humans. It has also learnt from what people have said to it. This has helped it become more human.

What makes George talk is called Jabberwacky. It won the Loebner Prize not long ago. The prize is a contest to find the most realistic artificial intelligence （现实的人工智能）. In 2006, scientists talked to the computer. They typed questions to it, and it answered.

Jabberwacky first appeared in 1982. It has been gelling better every year since then. The list of things that the computer says to a human is getting bigger and bigger. It means the computer has

more things to say when you talk to it.

It is hoped that a computer like this will do our jobs in call centres. When Jabberwacky is more realistic, this will be possible.

（1）From the passage, what can we know about George?

A. He's a computer. B. He's a monkey. C. He's an engineer. D. He's a scientist. （2）Why does the passage start with a conversation? A. To tell us a joke about a monkey and human. B. To show us the computer has become more human. C. To show us what the computer is able to do now. D. To tell us the computer can't be as clever as humans. （3）What's the main function （功能） of Jabberwacky? A. To tell people jokes. B. To look like humans. C. To talk with people. D. To type questions.

（4）Which of the following is NOT true according to the passage? A. Jabberwacky has been getting better since it appeared.

B. When you talk with the computer, it has fewer things to say than before. C. The computer may do our jobs in call centres in the future. D. The Loebner Prize is a contest in computer science. 【答案】 （1）A （2）B （3）C （4）B

【解析】【分析】主要讲了人类“用户”和计算机之间可以对话。

（1）细节题。根据This is a conversation between a human \"user\" and a computer.这是人类“用户”和计算机之间的对话，所以George是台计算机，故选A。

（2）细节题。根据This has helped it become more human.这帮助它变得更人性化，可知目的是展示计算机已经变得更人性化，故选B。

（3）细节题。根据In 2006, scientists talked to the computer. They typed questions to it, and it answered.可知主要功能是和人类交流，故选C。

（4）细节题。根据It means the computer has more things to say when you talk to it.可知当和计算机说话时计算机会有更多的东西说，不是更少的事情，故选B。 【点评】考查阅读理解，主要考查细节题，注意从文中仔细寻找答案。

14．阅读理解

When you are in England, you must be very careful in the street because the traffic drives on the left. Before you cross a street, you must look to the right first and then the left. If the traffic lights are red, the traffic must stop. People on foot can cross the road carefully. If the traffic lights are green, the traffic can go and people on foot mustn't cross. In the morning and in the evening

when people go to or come from work, the streets are very busy.

When you go by bus in England, you have to be careful too. Always remember the traffic moves on the left. Have a look first, or you will go the wrong way. In many English cities, there are big buses with two floors. You can sit on the second floor. From there you can see the city well. It is very interesting.

（1）When you are in England, you must be more careful in the street because _______. A. there are many cars and buses on the road B. there are no traffic lights C. the buses and cars move on the left D. people on foot may cross the road

（2）In England, before you cross a street, you must look to _______ first and then. A. the right; the left B. the left; the right C. the front; the back D. the back; the front （3）If the traffic lights are green _______ can go and _______mustn't cross. A. people on foot; the traffic B. the traffic; people on bikes C. buses: cars

D. the traffic; people on foot

（4）In England, you must always remember that the traffic _______.

A. is busy B. moves on the left C. moves on the right D. is never busy 【答案】 （1）C （2）A （3）D （4）B

【解析】【分析】主要讲了去英国时注意英国的道路交通和坐公交车时的注意事项。 （1）细节题。根据When you are in England, you must be very careful in the street because the traffic drives on the left.可知英国的交通靠左行驶，故选C。

（2）细节题。根据Before you cross a street, you must look to the right first and then the left.可知在通过街道前首先看右边，然后看左边，故选A。

（3）细节题。根据If the traffic lights are green, the traffic can go and people on foot mustn't cross.可知交通灯绿时，交通可以行走，步行的人不能穿过，故选D。

（4）细节题。根据Always remember the traffic moves on the left.可知交通靠左边行驶，故选B。

【点评】考查阅读理解，主要考查细节题，注意从文中仔细寻找答案。

15．阅读理解

Divas Hit the Road（《花儿与少年》 is a travel reality TV show from Hunan TV. Many stars travel together around the world in the show. In the third season, they went to Cities in the Southern Hemisphere （南半球）. What's the weather like there? Let's have a look.

Passage 1 Rio de Janeiro, Brazil You can experience quite different weather in Rio de Janeiro. It has a dry season and a rainy season each year. The rainy season is from December to March. It rains heavily. In the dry season, it is very hot. Sometimes the temperature can be as high as 40℃. Passage2 Cape Town, South Africa Cape Town has mild（温和的） winters and warm summers. It's not too hot in summer. The temperature is between around 15℃to27℃.It's not that cold in winter either. The temperature is between 7℃and 20℃There are cool sea breezes（微风） in winter. Passage 3 Windhoek, Namibia Namibia is one of the sunniest countries in the world. It has an average of 300 sunny days in a year. So it is hot and dry in Windhoek. It rarely rains. In one day, the temperature changes quickly- it is cold in the morning and evening but hot at noon. Passage4 Sydney, Australia How is the weather in Sydney? It rains a lot, There are 138 rainy days on average every year. There are often windstorms too. So if you travel to Sydney, you'd better take a windbreaker（防风 衣）. In summer, it is not only hot but also wet. （1）How long does the rainy season last in Rio de Janeiro? A. About 90 days. B. About 120 days. C. About 150 days. D. About 180 days. （2）What's the weather like in summer in Cape Town?

A. It's hot. B. It's warm. C. It's mild. D. It's rainy. （3）Namibia has an average of_________ sunny days in a year.

A. 138 B. 200 C. 238 D. 300 （4）Which is NOT RIGHT according to the passage? A. Divas Hi the Road is a travel film produced by Hunan TV. B. When Beijing is in winter, Sydney is in summer. C. Namibia is a sunny but dry country.

D. You can enjoy Cape Town's mild winters and warm summers. 【答案】 （1）B （2）B （3）D （4）A

【解析】【分析】主要讲了《花儿与少年》节目中的明星去南半球城市时的天气状况。 （1）细节题。根据The rainy season is from December to March.可知雨天从12月持续到3月，大约4个月，120天左右，故选B。

（2）细节题。根据Cape Town has mild（温和的） winters and warm summers.可知夏天天气是温暖的，故选B。

（3）细节题。根据It has an average of 300 sunny days in a year.可知Namibia每年有300个晴朗的日子，故选D。

（4）细节题。根据Divas Hit the Road（《花儿与少年》 is a travel reality TV show from Hunan TV.可知《花儿与少年》是电视节目，不是电影，故选A。 【点评】考查阅读理解，主要考查细节题，注意从文中仔细寻找答案。

16．阅读理解

In 1969, humans landed on the moon for the first time. Now, many other countries want to go there as well. Why?

The moon has a lot of minerals （矿物质） and other useful things. We want to find out if we can use them. The moon is our closest neighbor in space. We can use it as a rest station. Then, we can learn more about other planets far away in space.

The moon is 3,474 kilometers in diameter （直径）. It is about one-fourth the size of Earth. If Earth is the size of a basketball, the moon is the size of a tennis ball.

The moon has much less gravity than Earth. If you can jump 1.5 meters on Earth, you can jump 9 meters on the moon.

The moon is very quiet. There is no sound there. There are a lot of grey rocks on it. The moon's sky is always black.

Our moon is about 384,400 kilometers away from Earth. The total length of the Great Wall is about 21,200 kilometers. We would have to put about ____ Great Walls end to end to reach the moon!

（1）We can put ________ into the blank in the last Paragraph?

A. 14 B. 16 C. 18 D. 20 （2）We can learn from the passage that____________. A. In 1969, Chinese first landed on the moon B. The moon has minerals, sound and rock C. The moon is the size of a tennis ball D. The earth has more gravity than the moon

（3）The passage is mainly about ____________. A. why people want to go to the moon B. how big the moon is

C. how far the moon is from the earth D. what the moon is like 【答案】 （1）C （2）D （3）D

【解析】【分析】本文介绍了月球相关的知识。

（1）细节题。根据 Our moon is about 384,400 kilometers away from Earth. The total length of

the Great Wall is about 21,200 kilometers月球到地球大概384,000公里，长城长21,200公里，可知384,000是21,200的18倍，故连接18个长城可以到店月球，故选C。 （2）细节题。根据 The moon has much less gravity than Earth可知地球的吸引力要比月球大，故选D。

（3）主旨题。根据通读全文可知本文介绍了月球的样子，故选D。

【点评】考查阅读理解。本文涉及细节题主旨题2种常考题型，细节题要注意从文中寻找答案，主旨题需要通读全文，了解大意之后找出中心思想。