教材之四 柯岩小导游读本

1、柯岩石佛来历奇

The origin of Keyan Stone Buddha

柯岩石佛，与羊山石佛、新昌大佛寺石佛、杭州灵山石佛，并称“浙江四大石佛”。

Keyan Stone Buddha, along with Yang Mountain Stone Buddha, the Stone Buddha in Xinchang Big Buddha Temple, Soul Mountain Stone Buddha in Hangzhou, is called the “Four Great Stone Buddhas in Zhejiang”.

柯岩石佛是古代劳动人民的伟大创造。

Keyan Stone Buddha is the great creation by the ancient laboring people.

据传，晋代时，柯岩石工中有一柯氏匠人，有感于柯岩石塘经常倒塌，压死石匠，发愿雕凿这一座大佛，保佑石工平安。他死之后，子孙接着雕凿下去。经历了祖孙三代的努力，才凿成了这一座巨大的石佛。

As the legend goes, in the Jin Dynasty there was a stonemason named Ke, who thought of the stone embankments in Keyan falling down frequently and crushing stonemasons to death, and decided to chisel a great Buddha to bless and protect the safety of stonemasons. After his death, hes descendants continued his work. Through the efforts of three generations, a giant stone Buddha was completed.

这柯氏匠人祖孙三代雕凿大佛，没有了收入来源，他们靠什么生活呢？原来，靠的是柯岩一沈姓绅士祖孙三代的资助。

Devoted to chiseling the great Buddha, the three generations of the Ke family had no source of income. What did they rely on to live? In fact, it was three generations of the Shen country gentleman family that sponsored them.

这沈姓绅士据说原系北方人，因避战乱而迁来会稽定居。他家拥万贯，乐善好施。获悉柯氏匠人发愿雕凿石佛的消息后，他就决定包揽下柯氏匠人一家的生活。

The gentleman named Shen was said to come from the north, who settled down in Kuaiji to avoid chaos caused by wars. He was very rich and happy in doing good. On hearing of the news that the stonemason named Ke decided to chisel a stone Buddha, he decided to undertake the life of Ke’s family.

他曾教育儿孙辈说：“人称吾家为富贵之门。富贵富贵，何为‘富’？能出钱财资助他人者，始为‘富’，富有钱财而吝于行善的人，不能称为‘富’；何为‘贵’？能用权势解人危难者，始为‘贵’，有权势而只为自己谋私利者，不能称为‘贵’。”

He once instructed his descendants, “It is said that we are a family of wealth and rank. What is wealth? The one who is willing to devote his wealth to helping others can be rated as a wealthy man, while the one who is rich but mean to do good can’t. What is rank? The one who can utilize power to settler others’ trouble has rank, while the one who possesses power only to seek personal gains doesn’t have”.

这位绅士言行一致，他叮嘱子孙们说：柯家发愿雕凿大佛，这是莫大善事。自家出资接济他家的生活，也算是帮了忙，行了善。自己死了之后，子孙们要继续资助他家，直到

这座大佛雕成。

The gentleman fits his actions to his words. He urged his descendants again and again: it is an extremely good deed that the Ke family decided to chisel the great Buddha. Our family supported their life, which is also the help and charity. After my death, all my descendants should continue to support them till the great Buddha is completed.

他的儿孙遵行了他的叮嘱，果然不断接济柯家，这才使这座石雕大佛得以完工。佛像凿成后，曾全身贴金。这贴金之资，也是沈家出的。

His descendants obeyed his will and continued to support the Ke family, which ensured that the great Buddha could be completed. After its completion, the Buddha was ever gilded. The capital to gild it also came from Shen family.

因此，柯岩石雕大佛的得以问世，实在是柯氏匠人三代出力，沈氏富人三代出钱的结晶。

Therefore, it was the work of the three generations of Ke family and the capital of the three generations of Shen family that contributed to the creation of Keyan Stone Buddha.

2、石匠赎罪凿云骨

The stonemason chiseled Yungu(Cloud Bone) for atonement

云骨巨石，位于石佛之东首，其形如置于大佛旁边的一只巨大的石香炉。

Yungu(Cloud Bone) Stone is located at the east of the stone Buddha, whose shape is just like a giant stone incense burner located beside the great Buddha.

这块奇石，高30余米，底围4米。整块巨石上宽下窄，底部最扁窄处不足1米。如此高大巍峨的巨石竟能由这扁扁一线支撑，真正令人匪夷所思。

The strange stone is as high as more than 30 meters, with its bottom perimeter being 4 m Peters. The whole stone is wide above and narrow below. The flattest and narrowest of the lower part is less than one meter. Such a tall and towering stone should be supported by so flat a string, which is really fantastic.

云骨巨石，被誉为“天下第一石”，名不虚传。它犹如平地一股青烟，旋转升腾，直上晴空，故成为古代柯岩八景之一，名曰“炉柱晴烟”。在距地面20多米处，镌有“云骨”两个隶书大字。顶上有一棵古柏，干如虬龙，低矮蟠屈，已历一千多年，至今仍郁郁葱葱；其下还有一些灌木花草。岩顶缺水少土，干旱之极，这些植物却竟能生存，其生命力之强，给了游客以诸多激励和启示。

Yungu(Cloud Bone) Giant Stone is praised as the “Top One Stone in the World”, which has a well-deserved reputation. Just like a cloud of blue smoke rising from the ground, it swirls and rises to the blue sky, so it is listed as one of the eight scenes of ancient Keyan and named as “A Cloud of Blue Smoke Rising from the Incense Burner”. There are two great characters, “Yungu(Cloud Bone)” in official script inscribed where it is more than 20 meters from the ground. On the

top of the stone, there stands an ancient cypress, whose branches look like dragons, short and curl. Having experienced more than one thousand years, it is still luxuriantly green. Under the cypress there are also some bushes, flowers and grass. Lack of water and soil, the stone top is extremely arid, where these plants should survive. The powerful vitality gives tourists so much encouragement and enlightenment.

“云骨”这一名称，极富巧思。飘柔卷舒随风万状之云而竟然有骨，这“骨”，竟然又是这样一柱立地顶天的巨岩，真令人佩服命名者的神思巧喻。

The name, “Yungu (Cloud Bone)”, is rich in ingenuity. The clouds, appearing in numerous shapes and swirling in winds, should have bones. The “bone” should be such a giant stone standing upright between heaven and earth. The namer’s ingenuity is really admiring.

这一柱云骨奇石，是怎么来的呢？这里面有一个很有意思的故事。

What’s the origin of the strange stone, “Yungu (Cloud Bone)”? Here is an interesting story.

相传，柯山之石质地坚韧，采凿极为费工费力。有一神仙路过此地，怜悯柯岩的石匠们，于夜间托梦于石工们的为头者，说是他已运用法术，将柯山东山头采剩下的这方巨岩，变得温软如棉，极易开采；而且所采之石板用来造屋，则冬暖夏凉，能卖比过去更好的价钱。神仙再三叮嘱说，这方巨岩，须由全体石匠共采，所采之石出卖得的钱，须由全体石匠共享，不能有一人起私心；若有一人起了私心，则这方巨岩就会立时变得象以前那样坚

韧。

It is said that the stones of Ke Mountain are strong but pliable in texture, so it takes a lot of work and efforts to quarry and chisel. Once there was an immortal passing by, who had sympathy for stonemasons of Keyan. So he appeared in the dream of the head of the stonemasons and said that he had used magic arts to turn the giant stone left at the top of east mountain of Ke Mountain soft like cotton, which is easy to mine and sells at a higher price. The immortal urged them again and again that the giant rock should be quarried by all the stonemasons together and that the money gained by selling the stones should by shared by all of them. No one can have selfish motives, or the giant rock will be as strong and pliable as before.

第二天，石工们开始采石前，石工头儿就把夜来神仙托梦所说之话告诉了大伙儿。之后，石工们开始采凿，这方巨岩果然变得极易开采。

The next day, before quarrying stones, the head of stonemasons told all his partners what the immortal said in his dream. Then, the stonemasons began to quarry and the giant rock became very easy to be quarried as expected.

不料，后来有一个石匠起了私心，他在半夜里偷偷进石塘，想采凿一块石板回家去做床板。可是他一锤下去，这方巨岩又象以前那样坚韧了，他只得又悄悄回了家。

Unexpectedly, later a stonemason had his own selfish motive. At midnight he secretly entered the stone embankment, hoping to quarry a stone plate to serve as

the bed board. However, when he began, the giant rock became as strong and pliable as before. He had to go back home stealthily.

第二天，石匠们再进塘采石，发觉巨岩又变得十分坚韧，极难采凿，纷纷怨骂是哪个黑良心的起了私心，害苦了大伙儿。

The next day when the stonemasons entered the stone embankment for quarrying, they found the giant rock became very strong and pliable and hard to quarry and chisel. They complained in succession that the one who ignored his conscience and had selfish motives brought the disaster.

这个石匠十分羞愧，为了赎罪，他发愿要将这方巨岩凿成一只巨大的石香炉，矗立于大佛之旁，来保佑石匠兄弟们下塘平安。他带上凿石工具，独个儿爬上岩顶，凿了起来。

The stonemason was quite ashamed. For atonement, he decided to chisel the giant rock into a great stone incense burner and make it stand beside the great Buddha. In this way, he expected to bless and protect the safety of his partners when they entered the stone embankment. Carrying his tools, he climbed to the top and began to chisel alone.

却说这个石匠当天没有回家，家里人一直等到傍晚，天色暗下来了，还不见他回来，就约了邻居中他的石匠伙伴一道进石塘来寻找。大伙儿东找西找，到处找不到他。后来找到这方巨岩下，却隐约听见巨岩顶上传来“叮——叮——”的凿石声。大家叫他下来回家，他对大伙儿说了自己的打算后，仍然不停地凿石，不肯下来。

The stonemason didn’t return home on that day and his families waited till the late afternoon. When evening fell, he didn’t come back yet, so his families, with his partners, entered the stone embankment to look for him. Looking for him all around, they couldn’t find him anywhere. Later they came below the giant rock, when suddenly they heard indistinctly that there came the sound of chiseling rocks from the top. They asked him to go down and return home. After expressing his intention, he still continued chiseling the stone and refused to come down.

第二天，十几个石工伙伴爬上去帮他雕凿。大伙儿一连凿了半个多月，吃和睡都在巨岩顶上，食物和工具都用绳筐吊上去，这才把这座“香炉”凿成。远远望去，这方巨岩确实宛如一只巨大的石香炉。

The next day dozens of stonemasons climbed up to help him. Continuing chiseling the stone for more than a half month, they stayed on the top of the giant rock even for food and sleep. Foods and tools were carried up with baskets and ropes. Finally the “incense burner” was completed. Looking from the distance, the giant rock is really like a giant stone incense burner.