高二下 Unit 3 Colours （一） 知识点巩固梳理： Vocabulary：personality, fascinating, emotional, energetic, adventurous, firmness, ambitious remind…of, peace and quiet, relaxed, familiar, rare, injury, associate…with… Sentence pattern: Those who prefer blue are calm and in control, and prefer a peaceful life. It is only natural that red should make people tense. Not only does it stimulate the appetite, but it also makes people… Yellow makes us think of sunshine and holidays. Grammar points: 主语从句 Key vocabulary: personality n. 个性，性格（character） personal adj. 个人的，亲自的 It’s his personal opinion, not that of the entire society. fascinating adj. 迷人的 fascinate v. 迷住，强烈吸引 be fascinated by/with… 被….迷住 emotional adj. 情绪的，情感的；易动情的，感情脆弱的 energetic adj. 精力充沛的，积极的 energy n. 精力，能量 power 权力，能力，电力，强权 strength 体力，力气 force 力量，暴力，武力，影响力 adventurous adj. 有冒险精神的，大胆开拓的 adventure n. 冒险，冒险经历 firmness n. 坚定 I have never doubted the firmness of his belief in his own abilities. firm adj. 坚定的 ambitious adj.有雄心的，有抱负的 n. ambition be ambitious for/of sth. / to do… relaxed adj. 放松的，冷静的 relaxing 令人放松的 be relaxed about sth. 对….放心 relax v. 放松，缓和 She relaxed her mind by listening to music. relaxation n. 放松，休息，消遣 sb. be familiar with sth. 某人熟悉、通晓某事 sth. be familiar to sb. 某事对于某人来说熟悉 rare adj. 稀少的，稀罕的 rarely adv. Rarely do I have time to read a newspaper. injury n. 伤害，损伤 v. injure injury 主要指人的身心受损 Overwork did him much injury. harm 程度较轻，可用于身体、名誉、权力、事业等损害 damage 用于物质上的损害（损坏） stimulate v. 刺激，促进，激发 n. stimulation 刺激物，鼓舞 thus adv. 因而，从而（=as a result）可放在句首、句中和句末，表示因果关系 reliable 可靠的，可信赖的 rely on v. 依靠，指望 rely on sb./sth. for sth./ doing/to do… symbolize v. 象征，代表（represent） symbol n. 象征，标志 symbol of sth. 是….的象征 symbolic adj. 象征的 be symbolic of sth. 象征….的 remind…of…使…想起（类似的人、地方、事物） peace and quiet n. 安宁，宁静 associate…with….联想，联系；交往 be associated with….与….相关联 think of…as…. 把…看作…. =regard…as… / consider…as…/ view….as…/ look on…as…/ treat…as have control of…控制… lose control of…. 失去控制 affect=have effect on…影响… come into effect 实行，实施 take effect 生效 all the way 一直，从头到尾 in no way =by no means 绝不 in a way =to some degree 从某种程度上，从某一点来说 decrease n. vt. & vi. “数量、大小、体积等方面逐渐变小” reduce vt. 使….减少，降低 We should reduce the amount of waste to a minimum. tense adj. 紧张的，引起紧张的 tension n. 紧张（关系） intense adj. 强烈的 make space for = make room for…为…腾出空间 persuade sb. to do = persuade sb. into doing…说服某人做… make sb. do---sb. be made to do… had better/ would rather+ do. tool 通常指人们在手工劳动中使用的工具，或任何职业、工作需要的工具或手段 instrument 用于科研或艺术活动的器具 Books are a scholar’s tools./ musical instruments 乐器 Grammar points: Subjective clause 主语从句 在句中作主语的从句，属于名词性从句的一种。 一．that引导的主语从句，通常用it作形式主语，常见的句型有： 1. It + be + 形容词（obvious, true, natural, surprising, good, wonderful, funny, possible, likely, certain, probable….） + that 从句 2. It + be + 名词词组（no wonder, an honor, a good thing, a pity, no surprise….） + that从句 3. It + be + 过去分词（said, reported, thought, expected, decided, announced, arraged…） + that 从句 二．疑问词引导的主语从句： 由特殊疑问词：who, what, whatever, whoever, when, where, why, how引导的主语从句的语序通常是陈述语序，而不是疑问语序。 It is no secret why banks like to use more serious, restful colors such as blue, brown and green. How we can overcome the financial difficulties in such a short time is a big problem. What you have demanded is beyond me. 三．Whether引导的主要从句： 描述两种不同的可能性，这两种可能性通常由or连接。 Whether you come or not has nothing to do with me. Whether we can go for a picnic or not all depends on the weather. 四，熟记以下变化 Whoever=no matter who=any one who Whomever=no matter who=any one who Whoseever=no matter whose=any one whose Whichever=no matter which=any one which Whatever=no matter what=anything that What=先行词+which/that More Reading: Key vocabulary: culture n. 文化 adj. cultural association n. 联想，联系；协会，社团 wrap vt. 包装 wrap sth. (up) around sth….把…缠绕，包在…的外面 wrap sth. (up) in…..把….包在….里面 circumstances n.(pl复) in/under…..circumstances 在….的情况下 offend vt. 冒犯，得罪 n. offense/ offence adj. offensive 冒犯的 embarrass v. 使尴尬、窘迫 be embarrassed by/with.... embarrassment n. essential adj. 本质的，基本的；重要的 n. essence 本质，精华 prosperity n. 繁荣 adj. prosperous 繁荣的 funeral n. 葬礼 wedding 婚礼 shed v. 使落下 shed tears 落泪 mourning n. 哀悼 vt. mourn mourn the death of his father adj. mournful 哀悼的 in mourning for…为了悼念 in memory of….为了纪念…. bride n. 新娘 bridegroom 新郎 virtue n. 美德，德行，a man of great virtue virtuous adj. 品德高尚的 formal adj. 正式的，正规的 formally informal 非正式的 purity n. 纯洁，纯净 v. purify 净化 adj. pure 纯净的 smart adj. 光鲜的，漂亮的；聪明的 Brazil n. 巴西 --Brazilian 巴西人（的） unpack v. 打开（包裹、箱等）取出 depend on=rely on=be decided by… 取决于… depend on sb./ sth. for sth./ doing sth./ to do… dependence/ dependent make a (big/great) difference 有影响；要紧，有关系 stick to sth. / doing sth. 坚持… mistake…for…把…错当成…. be mistaken for…被错当成…. be considered to be….被认为是…. 主语从句真题回顾： 1. One reason for her preference for city life is she can have easy access to places like shops and restaurants. A. that B. how C. what D. why 2. As a new graduate, he doesn’t know it takes to start a business here. A. how B. what C. when D. which 3. –How about camping this weekend, just for a change? --Ok, you want. A. whichever B. however C .whatever D. whoever 4. It is uncertain side effect the medicine will bring about, although about two thousand patients have taken it. A. that B. what C. how D. whether 5.________ makes mistakes must correct them. A. What B. That C. Whoever D. Whatever 6.When and why he came here ________ yet. A. is not known B. are not known C. has not known D. have not known 7. ________ is no reason for dismissing her. A. Because she was a few minutes late B. Owing to a few minutes late C. The fact that she was a few minutes late D. Being a few minutes late 8. ________ Tom liked to eat was different from ________. A. That…that you had expected B. What …that you had expected C. That…what you had expected D. What…what you had expected 9.________ we go swimming every day ________ us a lot of good. A. If...do B. That...do C. If...does D. That...does （三）作业练习 1. While shopping, people sometimes can’t help being into buying things that they don’t really need. A. encouraged B. persuaded C. advised D. desired 2. Frost caused heavy to the crops. A. injury B. harm C. damage D. pain 3. We often associate Yao Ming the NBA. A. as B. to C. with D. and 4. The entire country by flood. A. was effect with B. was affected with C. were effect with D. were affected with 5. The fashion show is so that she is lost in admiration. A. emotional B. energetic C. fascinating D. optimistic 6. A collection of insects will show us some of his latest discoveries. A. rare B. raw C. ripe D. mature 7. The exhibition interest in the artist’s work. A. stimulates B. arises C. shows D. attracts 8. The bald eagle the United States. A. illustrates B. represents C. indicates D. symbolizes 9. In Africa, educational costs are very low for those who are enough to get into universities. A. ambitious B. fortunate C. aggressive D. substantial 10. happened that I was busy doing the cleaning when the telephone rang. A. It B. I C. What D. So 11. you like him or not is none of my business. A. If B. That C. Whether D. What 12. the problem is always in my mind. A. How could I deal with B. How I can do with C. What I can do with D. What I could deal with 13. lives in this house is very poor. A. Those who B. Whoever C. Anyone D. No matter who 14. we spend this sum of money is of great importance. A. How B. What C. Which D. That 15. we are doing has never been done before. A. Whether B. That C. What D. Which 二．Translation. 1. 人们通常把龙和中华民族联系在一起。（be associated with..） 2. 经理的表演总是激励他更加努力工作。（stimulate） 3. 他不仅自己写戏剧，还在期中扮演角色。（not only…but aslo） 4. 我们都知道，林肯是最伟大的美国总统之一。（regard as） 5. 那么多考试终于结束了，我觉得突然轻松了。（feel relaxed） 6. 你不应该在这种场合发脾气。（lose control of…） 7. 在那吵闹的商店工作了一整天以后，我所需要的只是宁静。（peace and quiet） 8. 在公园里快乐玩耍的孩子们让老人想起了他快乐的童年。（remind..of…） 9. 我非常熟悉青岛的生活，因为我在那儿度过了童年。（familiar） 10. Tom富有冒险精神，总是原意尝试新事物。（adventurous） 三．预习课文，完成下列词组。 一种混合物 花（时间等）做某事 说明性格 根据 控制之中 被用来做… 不喜欢改变，害怕失败 用一种不同的方式影响人 提醒 在自然界 和….相关 在日常生活中 被用来做… 把…看作…. 劝说某人做… 旅行社 联合国 四．用所给词的正确形式填空。 1. Many people were (fascinate) by rock and roll in the 60s. 2. Children are always (energy), that’s why they are always shouting and playing everywhere. 3. Every country should join the Peace (associate)to fight against terrorism. 4. Teachers words can (stimulation) students to get more improvement. 5. As an adult, you shouldn’t (reliable) on your parents all the time. 6. Oliver leave is the (symbolize) of peace. 7. When he was young, he was full of (ambitious) 8. The (environment) pollution has become more and more serious. 9. Like a lot of men, he finds it hard to express his (emotional) 10. Sam wont’ come—he’s got no sense of (adventurous) 五．选词并用其正确形式填空。 1. the latest research, over 60% children are short-sighted in Shanghai. 2. Madam Curie one of the greatest scientists in the world. 3. Plastics can make a lot of things such as mobile phones. 4. Tom’s parents was finally accept his plan to Paris. 5. If you read the text book every day, you will each sentence in it. 6. The experienced teacher can always have his students . 7. I was the meeting to be held tomorrow. 8. The boy the beautiful modal planes in the window. 9. The competition is as cruel as that in human societies 10. The cancer risks smoking have been proven
